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BI233 > Pregnancy & Development > Flashcards

Pregnancy & Development Flashcards

1
Q

During the acrosomal reaction, the __________is/are removed from the oocyte.

corona radiata
zona pellucida
acrosome
cilia

A

corona radiata

zona pellucida

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2
Q

Which of the following happen during the cortical reaction?

sperm receptors are destroyed
Ca2+ is released, which attracts water to the egg
sperm receptors are not destroyed
Ca2+ is not released

A

sperm receptors are destroyed

Ca2+ is released, which attracts water to the egg

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3
Q

A hollow ball of cells:

A

blastula

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4
Q

A solid ball of cells:

A

morula

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5
Q

The trophoblast develops into the:

A

chorion

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6
Q

The inner cell mass develops into the:

A

embryo

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7
Q

Roughly how many days after fertilization does implantation generally occur?

A

7

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8
Q

Where does fertilization normally occur?

A

Ampulla of the fallopian tube

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9
Q

Where would ectopic pregnancies most likely occur?

A

The fallopian tube

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10
Q

match the following adult tissues to the embryonic layer from which they arose:

Epidermis of the skin: [a]

Central Nervous System: [b]

A

a. ectoderm

b. ectoderm

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11
Q

match the following adult tissues to the embryonic layer from which they arose:

Muscles: [c]

Bones: [d]

A

c. mesoderm

d. mesoderm

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12
Q

match the following adult tissues to the embryonic layer from which they arose:

Epithelium of the GI tract: [e]

A

e. endoderm

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13
Q

Which of the following would be portions of the endometrium?

Amnion
Chorion
Yolk sac
Deciduas capsularis
Deciduas basalis
A

Deciduas capsularis

Deciduas basalis

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14
Q

Which of the following are embryonic tissues:

Amnion
Chorion
Yolk sac
Deciduas capsularis
Deciduas basalis
A

Amnion
Chorion
Yolk sac

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15
Q

A pregnancy test actually detects which hormone in the urine?

A

hCG

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16
Q

Which hormone triggers the letdown reflex during breastfeeding?

A

Oxytocin

17
Q

Which hormone stimulates breast milk production?

A

Prolactin

18
Q

A genetic male zygote has [a] sex chromosomes, and a genetic female [b]

A

a. XY

b. XX

19
Q
  1. What is the (cardiac) foramen ovale? what function does it serve in fetal
    circulation?

it is a ____ between the __ and __ atrium

A

a hole between the R and L atrium of fetal heart.

20
Q
  1. What is the (cardiac) foramen ovale? what function does it serve in fetal
    circulation?

allows for oxygen ___ blood to ___ the ____ circuit. (why is that relevant?)

A

allows for oxygen RICH blood to SKIP the PULMONARY circuit. Fetuses don’t actually breathe until they are born therefore their lungs don’t require the oxygen to breathe, only a sufficient amount to keep the lung tissues alive

21
Q
  1. What is the (cardiac) foramen ovale? what function does it serve in fetal
    circulation?

so that instead, the oxygenated blood can enter the __ side of the heart to be pumped out of the ___

A

so that instead, the oxygenated blood can enter the LEFT side of the heart to be pumped out of the AORTA

22
Q
  1. What is the (cardiac) foramen ovale? what function does it serve in fetal
    circulation?

The ___ ___ (connects pulmonary artery and the aorta) and the foramen ovale allow blood to short circuit the pathway and send the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.

A

DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS

23
Q

The notochord can signal to overlying _______________ tissue to invaginate and form the neural tube
during embryonic development.

A

Ectoderm

24
Q

How many sperm will normally undergo the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?

A

hundreds or thousands

25
Q

Which vessel(s) carries oxygen-rich blood to the fetus?

A

The umbilical vein

26
Q

What is the function of the acrosome on a sperm?

A

Digest the Zona Pellucida/Corona Radiata

27
Q

Formed after cleavage divisions, a hollow ball of cells is known as a:

A

Blastula

28
Q

What happens to sperm cells that are not ejaculated?

they are broken down into small molecules & reabsorbed in the reproductive tract
They enter the peritoneal cavity
They break down and release inflammatory molecules, leading to pain

A

they are broken down into small molecules & reabsorbed in the reproductive tract

29
Q

In the gonads, the [a] cells produce testosterone and [b] cells produce estrogen.

A

a. Leydig

b. Follicular

30
Q

What is the name for the portion of the endometrium that is shed during menses?

A

stratum functionalis

31
Q

Which hormone would most likely depress (lower) appetite?

A

Leptin

BI233 (17 decks)

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