Exam 1 Flashcards
In the kidneys, fenestrated endothelia form a squiggly ball of capillaries called the:
glomerulus
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) regulates the presence of [a] proteins in the plasma membranes of cells of the [b] part of a nephron.
a. aquaporin
b. collecting duct
Which respiratory cartilage is a full-circle (and thus can be pressed on to close the esophagus)?
cricoid cartilage
Where is aldosterone produced?
adrenal glands
Name two hormones that will be activated or released following renin secretion:
ADH
Aldosterone
During ventilation-perfusion coupling, a rise in blood CO2 levels would lead to a [a] of the bronchioles and [b] of the arterioles.
a. bronchodilation
b. vasoconstriction
Which portion of a nephron would be deepest in the kidney?
Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
When HCO3- rises, this could lead to: [a]?
alkalosis
Vasa Recta would be closest to the:
Glomerulus
Collecting Duct
Loop of Henle
Segmental arteries
Loop of Henle
In the loop of Henle:
the descending limb is relatively more permeable to [a]
and the ascending limb more permeable to [b]
a. water
b. solutes
Pneumonia would most likely:
Increase FVC
Decrease FVC
Decrease FEV1
Increase FEV1
Decrease FEV1
Which of the following is a volatile acid?
Lactic acid
Sulfuric acid
Carbonic acid
Phosphoric acid
Carbonic acid
Which vessels would be responsible for reabsorption of nutrients from the filtrate?
Cortical radiate arteries
Cortical radiate veins
Arcuate arteries
Peritubular capillaries
Peritubular capillaries
Which of the following hormones will lower blood pressure?
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Angiotensin II
Aldosterone
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Where is most of the filtrate reabsorbed?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
After entering the Bowman’s capsule, where would filtrate travel next?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
How can GFR be measured?
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) test
A creatine or inulin-clearance test
By measuring urine production
With a spirometer
A creatine or inulin-clearance test
A drop in pH would [a] the affinity of hemoglobin for O2.
lower
Water Pills lower blood pressure by: (choose the most likely answer)
Reducing GFR
Increasing Na+ reabsorption in the PCT
Blocking K+ reabsorption in the DCT
Blocking Na+ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle
Blocking Na+ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle
Sympathetic Stimulation will [a] glomerular filtration.
increase or decrease?
decrease
In which parts of a nephron is blood pH regulated, primarily?
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting Duct
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Collecting Duct
What does the epiglottis do?
protects the tracheal cartilages
keeps the trachea open during swallowing
produces sound
Closes over the larynx during swallowing
Closes over the larynx during swallowing
Prolonged Aldosterone secretion can (directly) lead to:
Hypokalemia Hypocapnia Acidosis Hyperkalemia Hypercapnia
Hypokalemia
Diuretics are prescribed because they tend to:
Lower blood pressure
Raise blood pressure
Reduce strain on the kidneys
Lower blood pressure
[a] of the afferent arteriole (toward the glomerulus) and [b] of the efferent arteriole would increase GFR the greatest amount.
dilation or constriction?
a. dilation
b. constriction
