Exam 1

Question 1

In the kidneys, fenestrated endothelia form a squiggly ball of capillaries called the:

Answer 1

glomerulus

Question 2

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) regulates the presence of [a] proteins in the plasma membranes of cells of the [b] part of a nephron.

Answer 2

a. aquaporin

b. collecting duct

Question 3

Which respiratory cartilage is a full-circle (and thus can be pressed on to close the esophagus)?

Answer 3

cricoid cartilage

Question 4

Where is aldosterone produced?

Answer 4

adrenal glands

Question 5

Name two hormones that will be activated or released following renin secretion:

Answer 5

ADH

Aldosterone

Question 6

During ventilation-perfusion coupling, a rise in blood CO2 levels would lead to a [a] of the bronchioles and [b] of the arterioles.

Answer 6

a. bronchodilation

b. vasoconstriction

Question 7

Which portion of a nephron would be deepest in the kidney?

Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal Convoluted Tubule

Answer 7

Loop of Henle

Question 8

When HCO3- rises, this could lead to: [a]?

Answer 8

alkalosis

Question 9

Vasa Recta would be closest to the:

Glomerulus
Collecting Duct
Loop of Henle
Segmental arteries

Answer 9

Loop of Henle

Question 10

In the loop of Henle:
the descending limb is relatively more permeable to [a]
and the ascending limb more permeable to [b]

Answer 10

a. water

b. solutes

Question 11

Pneumonia would most likely:

Increase FVC
Decrease FVC
Decrease FEV1
Increase FEV1

Answer 11

Decrease FEV1

Question 12

Which of the following is a volatile acid?

Lactic acid
Sulfuric acid
Carbonic acid
Phosphoric acid

Answer 12

Carbonic acid

Question 13

Which vessels would be responsible for reabsorption of nutrients from the filtrate?

Cortical radiate arteries
Cortical radiate veins
Arcuate arteries
Peritubular capillaries

Answer 13

Peritubular capillaries

Question 14

Which of the following hormones will lower blood pressure?

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Angiotensin II
Aldosterone

Answer 14

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

Question 15

Where is most of the filtrate reabsorbed?

Answer 15

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Question 16

After entering the Bowman’s capsule, where would filtrate travel next?

Answer 16

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Question 17

How can GFR be measured?

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) test
A creatine or inulin-clearance test
By measuring urine production
With a spirometer

Answer 17

A creatine or inulin-clearance test

Question 18

A drop in pH would [a] the affinity of hemoglobin for O2.

Answer 18

lower

Question 19

Water Pills lower blood pressure by: (choose the most likely answer)

Reducing GFR
Increasing Na+ reabsorption in the PCT
Blocking K+ reabsorption in the DCT
Blocking Na+ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle

Answer 19

Blocking Na+ reabsorption in the Loop of Henle

Question 20

Sympathetic Stimulation will [a] glomerular filtration.

increase or decrease?

Answer 20

decrease

Question 21

In which parts of a nephron is blood pH regulated, primarily?

Distal Convoluted Tubule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting Duct

Answer 21

Distal Convoluted Tubule

Collecting Duct

Question 22

What does the epiglottis do?

protects the tracheal cartilages
keeps the trachea open during swallowing
produces sound
Closes over the larynx during swallowing

Answer 22

Closes over the larynx during swallowing

Question 23

Prolonged Aldosterone secretion can (directly) lead to:

Hypokalemia
Hypocapnia
Acidosis
Hyperkalemia
Hypercapnia

Answer 23

Hypokalemia

Question 24

Diuretics are prescribed because they tend to:

Lower blood pressure
Raise blood pressure
Reduce strain on the kidneys

Answer 24

Lower blood pressure

Question 25

[a] of the afferent arteriole (toward the glomerulus) and [b] of the efferent arteriole would increase GFR the greatest amount.

dilation or constriction?

Answer 25

a. dilation

b. constriction