Respiration (Quiz 2) Flashcards
respiration =
conversion of “food” (carbon based) to energy currency
aerobic respiration consists of
4 (actually more) basic steps
4 steps of aerobic respiration:
& where they occur
- ) glycolysis (cytoplasm)
- ) formation of acetyl CoA (matrix of mitochondria)
- ) Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle (matrix of mitochondria)
- ) ETC (inner membrane of mitochondria)
because glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
it is an ancient process
glycolysis is not
a cycle
1st 1/2 of glycolysis =
glucose (6c) + 2 atp –> 2 G3P (3c molecules)
“G3P” aka
“glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate”
2nd 1/2 of glycolysis =
2 G3P –> 2 Pyruvate + 4 atp + 2 NADH
G3P is a product of
the Calvin cycle
glycolysis atp production
produces 4
uses 2
therefore, 2 net atp produce
glycolysis intermediates
3 phosphoglycerate
1, 3-biphosphoglycerate
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
G3P (from Calvin cycle) is used to make
glucose, sucrose, etc
at the end of glycolysis
pyruvate is transported to mitochondria
1st stage of aerobic part of respiration
formation of acetyl CoA
formation of acetyl CoA occurs
in the mitochondrial matrix
formation of acetyl CoA uses
pyruvate (form of pyretic acid)
formation of acetyl CoA produces
1 NADH
acetyl CoA
formation of acetyl CoA loses
1 CO2
Krebs/Citric acid cycle occurs in
mitochondrial matrix
Krebs/Citric acid cycle releases
2 CO2 (the 2 added carbons to the cycle are lost in order to keep the cycle going)
Krebs/Citric acid cycle =
1 Acetyl CoA + Oxaloacetate (OAA) –> Citrate + 3 NADH + 1 FADH2 + 1 atp
NADH & FADH2 are
electron donors to ETC
the ETC is responsible for
chemiosmosis
most ATP is made during
ETC
ETC function:
ATP production via chemiosmosis
ETC reactions are
oxidation-reduction rxns (redox rxns)
ETC occurs in
inner membrane of mitochondria
ETC redox rxns lose
energy –> used to transport (H+) protons across transmembrane protein complexes against diffusion gradient
complexes in ETC
Complex 1-4 & ATP Synthase
@ complex 4 of the ETC…
& makes…
Oxygen is reduced and reacts w/ (H+) protons
& makes H20
