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BOT 201 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Central Vacuole (Plant Cell) (2)

A
  • function: storage/osmoregulation (90% of volume)

- membrane bound –> Tonoplast (highly permeable)

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2
Q

Nucleus (Plant Cell) (2)

A
  • double membraned (nuclear envelope)

- Polyploidy common (diff # of chromosomes)

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3
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum (Plant Cell)

A

cell to cell communication

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4
Q

Smooth ER (Plant Cell)

A

produces lipids/fatty acids

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5
Q

Rough ER (Plant Cell)

A

has ribosomes –> produces proteins

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6
Q

Golgi Apparatus location

A

close to cell wall

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7
Q

Golgi Apparatus (Plant Cell)

A

secretes vesicles for packaging

- “repackaging” molecules & delivers products in vesicle

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8
Q

Many cell wall components made/packaged where?

A

Golgi Apparatus

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9
Q

Organelles resulting from endosymbiosis (3)

A
  1. ) mitchondria –> proteobacterium ( Gram (-) )
  2. ) chloroplast –> cyanobacteria (Gram (-) )
  3. ) Nucleus (2 membranes) –> likely an engulfed archae
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10
Q

Mitochondria (Plant Cell)

+ components & their functions

A

aerobic respiration

  • outer mem
  • innner mem - ETC
  • matrix - Krebbs/Citric Acid Cycle
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11
Q

where does aerobic respiration occur?

A

mitochondria

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12
Q

where does anaerobic respiration occur?

A

cytoplasm

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13
Q

Proplastids (3) w/ their stimulation

A

Chloroplast (light)
Chromoplast (dormancy storage of pigments)
Leucoplast (storage/no light)

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14
Q

Chloroplast (Plant Cell)

A

oxygenic photosynthesis (where sugars are made) & can store starch/sugars

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15
Q

Chromoplast (Plant Cell)

A

has carotenoids / lacks chlorophyll

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16
Q

Leucoplast (Plant Cell)

+ 1 type

A

no pigments / few-no thylakoids

+ Amyloplast - stores starch

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17
Q

Peroxisome (Plant Cell)

A

degrade/metabolize certain chemicals

- produce peroxide (poisonous) then breaks it down

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18
Q

Peroxisomes are also involved in

A

photorespiration

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19
Q

Cytoskeleton is made of

A

made of MT’s + Actin Filaments (MF’s)

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20
Q

Cytoskeleton (Plant Cell) responsible for

A

cytoplasmic streaming = movement of chloroplasts (light dependent)

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21
Q

Plant Cell Wall is composed of

A

cellulose

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22
Q

what is cellulose

A

cellulosic linkages prevent the molecule from being easily damaged (good structural trait)

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23
Q

Green Plant Cell Walls

A

Beta 1-4 linked glucose monomers = cellulose backbone

hard to digest

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24
Q

cellulose produced by

A

cellulose synthase

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25
Q

cellulose synthase found in

A

plasma membrane

26
Q

cellulose synthase function

A

organizes glucose monomers into parallel layers of cellulose

27
Q

1 cellulose molecule =

A

microfibril

28
Q

2* CW arrangement

A

microfibrils in each layer are parallel to e/o

innermost layers are parallel to longest axis of cell

29
Q

2* CW components (5)

A
  1. ) Hemicelluloses
  2. ) Pectins
  3. ) Glycoproteins
  4. ) Lignin
  5. ) Suberin
30
Q

Hemicellulose

A

hydrophilic

31
Q

Pectins

A

1* CW & middle lamella

hydrophilic

32
Q

Glycoproteins

A

hydrophilic

33
Q

Lignin

A

hydrophobic
resist UV, bacteria, some fungi
& stiffens microfibrils

34
Q

Suberin

A

hydrophobic
associated with lipids (waxes, etc.)
(bark of a plant –> skin of a potato/apple)

35
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

small openings include primary pit field

36
Q

Cell Plate made of

37
Q

Cell Plate formation occurs & ends

A

during telophase

ends cytokinesis

38
Q

Phragmoplast

A

assembles/organizes cell plate

39
Q

cell plate will become

A

middle lamella

40
Q

1* Growth typically

A

apical (@ tips)

41
Q

most basal land plant

42
Q

Apical growth: basal (seedless) plants w/ vascular tissue have

A

1 apical cell (seedless vascular plants)

43
Q

Plants that produce seeds have

A

apical meristems for cell division & growth

44
Q

apical meristem =

A

region of undifferentiated cells @ apex (tip) of an organ (shoots, (stem, leaves, repro. organs) roots)

45
Q

Tunica gives rise to

A

protoderm –> epidermis

46
Q

Protoderm gives rise to

47
Q

Corpus gives rise to

A

ground meristem –> ground tissues

48
Q

Ground meristem gives rise to

A

ground tissues

49
Q

Aglaophyton has no

A

vascular tissue

roots

50
Q

Aglaophyton has

A

shoots w/ dichotomous branching (ea. shoot only divides into 2)
rhizome
rhizoids

51
Q

Rhizome

A

lateral stem (usually underground)

52
Q

Rhizoids

A

1 cell thick (root-ish)

53
Q

monopodial growth

A

1 main axis

54
Q

axillary bud responsible for

55
Q

epidermis important for

A

land plants

56
Q

Guard Cells control

A

stomata opening & closing (only in cells in epidermis w/ chloroplasts)

57
Q

Cuticle =

A

cutin + waxes

58
Q

subsidiary cells aid

A

in stomata opening & closing

59
Q

gaurd cells (to open) pump

60
Q

gaurd cells (to open) receive

A

K+, Cl-, H2O IN

61
Q

Trichomes happen by

A

outgrowths of the cell wall

BOT 201 (26 decks)

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