Respiration Flashcards
What type of reaction is respiration
Exothermic
What does respiration do and why do organisms need this
- RELEASES ENERGY FROM GLUCOSE MOLECULES FOR USE BY THE BODY
- for chemical reactions to build larger molecules
- for movement
- to keep warm
equation for aerobic respiration
-glucose + oxygen -> co2 + water
Anaerobic respiration
- glucose is not completely broken down
- this means that is transfers much less energy than aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration equation for animals
-glucose -> lactic acid
Anaerobic respiration equation for plants and yeast
Glucose -> Ethanol + co2
Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called
Fermentation’s
-important for manufacture of break and alcohol
Respiration in exercise
- heart and breathing rate increase to supply the muscles with more oxygen and glucose for increase in aerobic respiration
- when exercising a lot, muscles may not get enough oxygen, so anaerobic respiration starts to take place in muscle cells
- causes a build up of lactic acid and creates an OXYGEN DEBT
- lactic acid causes muscle to hurt, IS A POISON AND NEEDS TO GET RID OF
What happens after exercise
-blood flowing through muscles transports the lactic acid to liver where it’s broken down
What is oxygen debt
-amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the lactic acid and remove from cels
What is metabolism
- sum of all chemical reactions in a cell or in body
- these reactions are controlled by enzymes and many need a transfer of energy
New molecules are made from respiration, examples:
-conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
-formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids
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What’s the use of glucose and nitrate ions
Form amino acids which are used to synthesise proteins
-the breakdown of excess portions into urea for excretion
