Respiration Flashcards
what happens to glucose in glycolysis
glucose is phosphorylated into glucose phosphate, using 2xATP
what happens to glucose phosphate
production of 2x triose phosphate TP
What happens to TP during glycolysis
It is reduced to 2x Pyruvate molecules- (converts 2x NAD-> 2x NADH and 2x ADP + Pi -> 2x ATP)
What are the products of glycolysis
2x pyruvate, net gain of 2x ATP, 2x NADH
Where does the link reaction occur
Mitochondrial matrix
Where is pyruvate, ATP and NADH moved to and how?
Pyruvate and reduced NAD and ATP are then actively transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix
What happens to pyruvate in the link reaction?
Oxidised to acetate
What is released when pyruvate is oxidised to acetate?
CO2
What happens to NAD in the link reaction?
Reduced to form NADH
What happens to accetate?
Acetate then combines with Coenzyme A to
produce Acetate coenzyme A
How many times does the link reaction occur per glucose molecule
2
where does acetate coenzyme A go?
Krebs cycle
what happens to coenzyme A in the krebs cycle
recycled to be used again in the link reaction
What is Acetate Coenzyme A converted to with the 4C molecule
1x ADP+Pi-> 1xATP
1x FAD-> FADH
3x NAD-> 3xNADH
2x Co2
what is left over after 6C molecule is converted
4C molecule that is recycled
What are the 4 stages of respiration?
Glycolysis
Link reaction
Krebs cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
What is the first stage of oxidative phosphorylation?
Involves ETC- electrons move along to move H+ into membrane via active transport
Protons moving into the inner mitochondrial membrane to create electrochemical gradient
where do protons move in oxidative phosphorylation
Inner mitochondrial membrane
when is most ATP produced
Oxidative phosphorylation
where are protons from in oxidative phosphorylation
enzymes release H+ here
At the end of ETC what happens to electrons and protons
picked up by O2 to create water
Why is O2 especially important in oxidative phosphorylation?
Final electron acceptor
what do plants produce in anaerobic respiration
ethanol +CO2
what do animals produce in anaerobic respiration
Lactate
