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Biology - 6th Year > Respiration 1 > Flashcards

Respiration 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Respiration

A

Chemical breakdown of glucose to release energy

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2
Q

Internal respiration is controlled by

A

Enzymes which allow energy to be released in small amounts

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3
Q

What type of food is involved in respiration

A

Glucose

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4
Q

Respiration is carried out in the

A

Mitochondria

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5
Q

Energy trapped in molecules in called

A

ATP

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6
Q

What type of reaction is Respiration

A

Catabolic

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7
Q

ATP

A

Adenosine triphosphate

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8
Q

ADP

A

Adenosine diphosphate

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9
Q

Types of respiration

A

Aerobic

Anaerobic

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10
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Release of energy from good in the presence of oxygen

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11
Q

Anaerobic

A

The release of energy from food without requiring the presence of oxygen

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12
Q

Eh of anaerobic respiration

A

Yeast

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13
Q

Word equation

A

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy

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14
Q

Name the two stages of aerobic respiration

A

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

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15
Q

Where does glycolysis occur

A

The cytosol of the cytoplasm

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16
Q

Cytosol

A

Liquid part of the cytoplasm

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17
Q

Krebs cycle occurs in

A

The mitochondria

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18
Q

More folds more.. is produced

A

Mitochondria

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19
Q

What are in the folds of mitochondria

A

Electron transport system

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20
Q

What is anaerobic respiration also known as

A

Fermentation

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21
Q

Name the two fermentation in anaerobic respiration

A

Lactic acid fermentation

Alcohol fermentation

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22
Q

How is lactic acid formed

A

In animal muscles when there is not enough oxygen

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23
Q

Equation for lactic acid fermentation

A

Glucose -> 2 lactic acid + ATP

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24
Q

Alcohol fermentation

A

Bacteria and yeast

Ethanol and carbon dioxide is produced

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25
Q

Equation for alcohol fermentation

A

Glucose -> 2 ethanol + 2 carbon dioxide + ATP

26
Q

Location of anaerobic respiration

A

Cytoplasm

27
Q

End products of aerobic respiration

A

CO2 + H2O

28
Q

End products of anaerobic respiration

A

Lactic acid

29
Q

Energy produced during aerobic respiration

A

Lots of energy

30
Q

Energy produced during anaerobic respiration

A

Little energy

31
Q

Aerobes

A

Loving things that get energy from aerobic respiration

32
Q

What happens to the energy stored in the bonds in glucose

A

It is released

Used to make ATP

33
Q

What happens when ATP breaks down

A

Supplies energy for all reactions in a cell

34
Q

Example of reactions in a cell

A

Movement of muscles

35
Q

What percent of energy in glucose is used to make ATP

A

40%

36
Q

What is lost as heat

A

Any energy not used to make ATP

37
Q

Glycolysis requires

A

No oxygen

38
Q

Glycolysis releases

A

Small amounts of energy

39
Q

Stage 1:

A

It converts 6 carbon glucose into two 3 carbon molecules

A small amount of ATP is formed

40
Q

Where does stage 2 take place

A

Mitochondria

41
Q

Stage 2 requires

A

Oxygen

42
Q

What are found in the mitochondria

A

Enzymes

43
Q

Stage 2:

A

3 carbon molecules are broken down to Carbon Dioxide and Water

44
Q

Products formed after stage 1

A

Small amount of ATP (energy)

Two 3 carbon molecules

45
Q

Products formed at the end of stage 2

A

Carbon dioxide
Water
A lot of energy is

46
Q

Less energy release during

A

Anaerobic respiration

47
Q

Ethanol is

A

High energy

48
Q

Baking powder is used instead of yeast in

A

Very hot ovens

49
Q

Biotechnology refers to

A

Living things to carry out useful reactions

50
Q

Industrial fermentation

A

Microorganisms is placed in a containers with a suitable substrate they can react on

51
Q

Bioreactor

A

Vessel in which biological reactions can rake place

52
Q

What is used when microtomes with the substrate foam

A

Foam beaker

53
Q

Quality of the product produced during a fermentation bioreactor depends on

A

Design of bioreactor

Correct temperature and pH

54
Q

How are new m.o being produced

A

Genetic engineering

55
Q

Bacteria can be used to make..

A

Antibiotics

Yogurts

56
Q

Yeast can be used to make

A

Beer

Wine

57
Q

Fungi can produce

A

Antibiotics

58
Q

How do u insure microorganisms are not lost at the end of every reaction

A

They are immobilized or fixed

59
Q

Example of how microorganisms are immobilized by bonding

A

Bonding them in a gel or membrane

60
Q

Uses of immobilized cells/ enzymes

A

In production of alcohol, yeast cells are immobilized with sodium alginate

61
Q

Advantages of immobilized cells

A

Cells can easily be recovered

Cells can be reused

Biology - 6th Year (21 decks)

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