Reproduction (Plant) Flashcards
Female part of plant
Carpel
3 parts of the carpel
Stigma style ovary
Make sort of plant
Stamen
Parts in stamen
Anther
Filament
What does sexual repro of flowering plant involve
Fusion of 2 game yes to produce a diploid zygote
Gametes
Haploid celle capable of fusion
Agrémenté
Produces pollen grains
Another
Jokes pollen save and produces pollen grain
Filament
Talk like structure and supports the anther
Carpel
Develops the embryo sac
Stigma
Pollen lands on it after pollination and it grows into a tube
Style
Tube connecting stigma to ovary
Ovary
Develops the embryo sac
Sepal
Protection
Petals
Attract insects for pollination
Filament supplies
Nutrients to the anther
Where does the male gamete travel down
The style to fuse with the female gamete
Ovary contains
Ovules
How many chambers does the anther have
4
What are the chambers on the anther called
Pollen sac
Tapetum
Inside fiberous layer in pollen sac
Store food - supplies energy for cell division
Micro mother cells
Located in pollen sac
Diploid (2n)
Divide by meosis to produce a group of 4 haploid cells (tetras)
Tetrad
4 haploid cells
What does the tetrad break up into
4 seperate haploid pollen grains
What are the pollen grain nucleus divided by
Mitosis
Produce two haploid nuclei
Name the two pollen grain nuclei after mitosis
Tube nucleus
Generative nucleus
What the does generative nucleus divide again by mitosis to form
2 male gametes
Exile
Thick outer wall of pollen grain
Intime
Thin inner coat of pollen grain
Name of walls in ovule
Integumentary
Small opening in which pollen grain can enter ovule
Micropyle
What provides nutrients for growth in the ovule
Nucellus
Name the remains gametes at the end of the Embryo sac development
2 form polar nuclei
Egg (female gamete)
Pollination
Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower of the same species
Methods of pollination
Animal
Wind
Chemotropism
When tube nucleus moves towards chemicals released from the ovule
Where does the male gamete enter the embryo sac
Micropyle
When does double fertilization take place
Generative nucleus divides by mitosis
Moves down the pollen tube
2 haploid gametes are produced
Make gametes enter the embryo sac
Double fertilization
1 male gamete fuses with egg nucleus to form a diploid zygote (embryo sac)
1 make gamete fuses with 2 polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm nucleus (food store)
What does an embryo consist of
Plumule
Radicle
Cotyledons
Endosperm role in seed formation
Food store for developing embryo
Ovule becomes
Seed
Ovary becomes
Fruit
Functions of fruit
Protect the seed
Seed dispersal
Dispersal
Transfer or seeds AWAY from the parent plant
Types or dispersal
Wind water animal self
Eg of wind dispersal
Sanderlings produce a riot with a parachute device
Reasons for dormancy
Embryo too tough to let the embryo through
Lack of growth regulators
Advantages of seed dormancy
Plants avoid harsh winter conditions
Helps the survival of the species
Why is dormancy useful to human in agriculture and horticulture practices
Knowing the right environment to store seeds
Germination
Regrette if an embryo after a period of dormancy (suitable environment)
Factors needed for germination
Water
Oxygen
Suitable temp
What break down food store
Enzymes (proteins)
Cotyledon under ground is
Hypogeal germination
Cotyledon above ground
Epigeal germination
Cotyledon
Seed leave for storage
Seed
Fertilizer ovule
Another word for asexual reproduction
Vegetated propaganda
Natural method of asexual rep
Runners
Artificial method of asexual rep
Cuttings
Micro propagation
Cells removed from a plant and grown in a special nutrient sterile medium outside the organism
Clones
No variation