Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Name the five kingdoms

A
Monera 
Fungi 
Protista
Plants
Animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s involved in Fungi

A

Rhizopus

Yeast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Part of Protista

A

Ameoba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mycology

A

Study of fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fungi characteristics

A
Hereotrophic - no chlorophyll 
Reproduce spore 
Made of threads called hyphae 
Cell walls are made of chitin 
Eukaryotic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chitin

A

Cellulose of a plant + a complex polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mycelium

A

Hyphae combined with masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fungi are either

A

Parasitic

Saprophytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parasitic

A

Athletes foot

Living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Saprophytic

A
Mushroom
Rhizopus 
Dead
Obtain nutrients from dead material
Decomposes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symbiosis

A

Two species living in close association and have a relationship involving benefit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eg of symbiosis

A

Lichen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lichen

A

An organism - combination of fungus and Alga

Indicator species of pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Poisonous fungi eg

A

Destroying angel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rhizopus

A

Thread like structures called Hypha
Haploid
Aseptate (No cross walls)

17
Q

Stolon

A

Horizontal hypha

Colonises food

18
Q

Rhizoids

A

Secrets enzymes and absorb digested food

19
Q

Sporongiophores

A

Stalk of sporongium
Vertical
Hold sporongium which produce spores

20
Q

Columella

A

Supplies nutrients to the developing spores

21
Q

What inhibits growth of yeast

22
Q

Life cycle of a rhizopus (ASEXUAL)

A
  • Hyphae grow up from the bread
  • Form sporongiophores
  • Too swells to form sporongium
  • Mitosis happens
  • Haploid spores are formed
  • Sporangium dries up and opens
  • Spores release
  • Spores land of substrate and grow again
23
Q

Life cycle of rhizopus

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

A

Plus and minus strain
Hyphae from opposite strain can grow close together
Swellings grow from both strains (progametangia)
Nucleus move into swellings (gametangia)
Walls dissolve and fertilization takes place forming the diploid zygote nuclei
Zygospore forms around the nuclei
Zygospore germinates by meiosis
Hypha grows out of the zygospore and produces a sporangium at the top - opens releasing haploid spores which grow into new individuals

24
Q

What triggers sexual reproduction

A

Dehydration/ when conditions are not right

25
Progametangia
Swellings that grow from both strains
26
Gametangia
When the nucleus moves into the swellings
27
Zygospore germinates by..
Meiosis
28
Yeast
``` Oval shape Thin cell wall - chitin 1 large vacuole Respite anaerobically (without oxygen) Reproduce by budding ```
29
Another word for anaerobic respiration
Fermentation
30
What is glucose broken down by and what does it make
Yeast | It makes ethonal and carbon dioxide
31
What does a cell nucleus divide by
Mitosis
32
Beneficial fungi
Yeast can make bread and alcohol | Fungi can be used as a good source - mushrooms
33
Harmful fungi
Attack’s crops - patato blight | Spoil food - rhizopus grows on bread
34
Sterile
All microorganisms are destroyed
35
Aseptic
All pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed
36
Pathogenic
Disease causing organisms
37
Budding
- A small extension is formed on one cell - This bud enlarges and is filled with cytoplasm - Cell nucleus divides by mitosis - One daughter nuclei enters the bud - Bud enlarges and pinches off
38
Swellings
Progametangia