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FINALS > Resp Microbiology > Flashcards

Resp Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

what causes whooping cough?

A

bordatella pertussis

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2
Q

what is the treatment for whooping cough?

A

erythromycin

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3
Q

what are the causes of exacerbation of COPD?

A

haemophilus
strep pneumonia
adenovirus
rhinovirus

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4
Q

what is the treatment for exacerbation of COPD?

A

1st line - amoxicillin (+/- steroid)

2nd line - doxycycline

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5
Q

who is mycoplasma pneumonia most likely to infect?

A

children and elderly

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6
Q

mycoplasma pneumonia comes in waves of how many years?

A

4 years

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7
Q

who is chlamydia psittici seen in?

A

people with birds

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8
Q

what does chlamydia psittici present with?

A

mucoid sputum

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9
Q

what is the treatment for chlamydia psittici?

A

1st doxycycline

2nd erythromycin

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10
Q

who is coxeilla seen in?

A

farmers - spread from sheep and goats

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11
Q

what can coxiella cause?

A

culture negative endocardites

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12
Q

when is legionella seen?

A

people who have been abroad

in contact with contaminated water, air con systems or swimming pools

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13
Q

how does legionella present?

A

dry cough, flu like symptoms, GI upset

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14
Q

what biochemistry is seen with legionella?

A

hyponatraemia

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15
Q

what investigation is done for legionella?

A

urine antigen positive

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16
Q

what is the treatment for legionella?

A

levofloxacin or clarithromycin + rifampicin

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17
Q

what antibiotic does mycoplasma pneumonia, chlamydia psittici, coxeilla and legionella all respond too?

A

clarithromycin

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18
Q

what sputum is seen with strep pneumonia?

A

red rusty sputum

19
Q

what can cause staph aureus pneumonia?

A

SAB
endocarditis
develops secondary to viral influenza

20
Q

how does staph aureus pneumonia present?

A

bilateral caveatting pneumonia

21
Q

how is klebsiella pneumonia caused?

A

aspiration as part of normal flora

22
Q

who is at risk of klebsiella pneumonia?

A

alcoholics
elderly
diabetics
neuro-muscular disease

23
Q

how does klebsiella pneumonia present?

A

red jelly sputum

causes lung abscesses and empyema

24
Q

who is at risk of pneumocystis jiroveci?

A

immunocompromised

HIV

25
Q

how is pneumocystis jiroveci treated?

A

co-trimoxazole (active or prophylactic)

26
Q

who is at risk of pseudomonas?

A

CF and bronchiectasis

27
Q

how do you treat pseudomonas pneumonia?

A

ciprofloxacin

28
Q

what is the CURB65 score?

A 
confusion >7
urea >7
RR >30
BP <90 S, <60 D
>65 
each gets a point
29
Q

what are the 3 categories for CURB65?

A 
mild = 0
moderate = 1/2 (2 or more admit)
severe = >3
30
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for mild/moderate CAP?

A

oral amoxicillin 5 days

31
Q

what is the 2nd line/allergic treatment for mild/moderate CAP?

A

doxycycline 5 days

32
Q

what is the treatment for mild/moderate CAP when NBM?

A

IV clarithromycin

33
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for severe CAP?

A

IV Co-amox and doxycycline 7 days

34
Q

what is the 2nd line treatment for severe CAP?

A

levofloxacin and doxycycline

35
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for severe CAP in ITU?

A

IV co amox and IV clarithromycin 7-10 days

36
Q

what is the 2nd line treatment for severe CAP in ITU?

A

levofloxacin and clarithrymycin

37
Q

what is the definition of hospital acquired pneumonia?

A

develops 48 hours or more after admission

38
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for non-severe HAP?

A

oral amox and met

39
Q

what is the 2nd line treatment for non-severe HAP?

A

co-trimoxazole and met

40
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for severe HAP?

A

IV amox, met and gent 7 days

41
Q

what it is the 2nd line treatment for severe HAP?

A

IV co-trimoxazole, met and gent

42
Q

what can broad spectrum antibiotics cause?

A

c.diff

MRSA

43
Q

what lobes are most affected by aspiration pneumonia?

A

right middle and lower lobes

FINALS (25 decks)

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