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Phase 2a > resp > Flashcards

resp Flashcards

1
Q

what type of hypersensitivity reaction is asthma

A

type I

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2
Q

treatment for asthma

A 
SABA = salbutamol
ICS = budesonide
LRTA = montelukast
LABA = salmeterol
increase ICS
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3
Q

main cause of COPD

A

SMOKING

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4
Q

name for emphysema

A

pink puffers

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5
Q

name for chronic bronchitis

A

blue bloaters

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6
Q

T1RF

A

normal pCO2

low pO2

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7
Q

T2RF

A

raised pCO2

low pO2

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8
Q

what is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

formation of scar tissue in the lungs with no known cause

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9
Q

appearance of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis on a CT

A

ground glass appearance

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10
Q

what antibodies are found in goodpastures

A

anti-glomerular basement membrane

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11
Q

what type of lung cancer is most common

A

adenocarcinoma

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12
Q

what type of lung cancer is most associated with smokers

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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13
Q

what type of lung cancer is most associated with non-smokers

A

adenocarcinoma

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14
Q

what type of bacteria is TB

A

aerobic, non-motile, non-sporing, slightly curved bacilli with a thick waxy capsule

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15
Q

what colour does TB turn on Ziehl Neelson stain

A

pink/red

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16
Q

What can be seen on a CXR in TB

A

ghon complex

calcifications in upper parts of lower lobes and lower parts of upper lobes

17
Q

what test diagnoses latent TB

A

Mantoux

18
Q

treatment for TB

A

rifampicin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol

19
Q

side effect of rifampicin

A

red urine

20
Q

side effect of isoniazid

A

neuropathy

21
Q

side effect of pyrazinamide

A

gout

22
Q

side effect of ethambutol

A

optic neuritis

23
Q

2 main causes of community acquired pneumonia

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

haemophilia influenzae

24
Q

how do you differentiate between streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilia influenzae

A

strep pneumoniae has rusty sputum

25
Q

what pneumonia is most commonly associated with HIV

A

pneumocystis jirovecci

26
Q

how do you assess the severity of pneumonia

A 
CURB 65
confusion
urea > 7
resp rate > 30
blood pressure (hypotensive)
> 65
27
Q

1st line investigation for pleural effusion

A

CXR

28
Q

what 2 drugs are given for a PE

A

apixaban

LMWH

29
Q

what drug is given for minor, moderate and severe pneumonia

A 
minor = oral amoxicillin
moderate = IV/oral amoxicillin + macrolide
severe = IV co-amoxiclav + macrolide
30
Q

what chromosome is affected in CF

A

7

Phase 2a (8 decks)

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