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Phase 2a > GU > Flashcards

GU Flashcards

1
Q

main composition of renal stones

A

calcium oxalate

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2
Q

gold standard investigation for renal/ladder stones

A

non contrast CT

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3
Q

treatment for minor stones

A

diclofenac

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4
Q

3 types of pre renal AKI

A

volume depletion
hypotension
cardiac failure

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5
Q

type of renal AKI

A

glomerulonephritis

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6
Q

2 types of post renal AKI

A

calculus

BPH

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7
Q

3 key signs of nephritic syndrome

A

proteinuria
haematuria
hypertension

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8
Q

what is seen on a renal biopsy in nephritic syndrome

A

crescent shaped glomeruli

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9
Q

is IgA nephropathy nephrotic or nephritic

A

nephritic

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10
Q

is goodpastures nephrotic or nephritic

A

nephritic

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11
Q

3 key signs of nephrotic syndrome

A

proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema

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12
Q

most common nephrotic syndrome in children

A

minimal change disease

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13
Q

3 types of nephrotic syndrome

A

minimal change disease
membranous glomerulonephritis
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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14
Q

what can ADPCKD cause

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage

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15
Q

1st line treatment for BPH

A

tamsulosin (alpha blocker)

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16
Q

2nd line treatment for BPH

A

finasteride (5-alpha reductase inhibitor)

17
Q

side effect of tamsulosin

A

postural hypotension

18
Q

what occupation is associated with bladder carcinoma

A

painter

19
Q

main sign of bladder carcinoma

A

painless haematuria

20
Q

main type of testicular cancer

A

seminoma

21
Q

main organism causing pyelonephritis

A

E. coli

22
Q

antibiotic for pyelonephritis

A

ciprofloxacin

23
Q

antibiotics for lower UTI

A

trimethoprim

nitrofuratoin

24
Q

why cant you give trimethoprim in pregnancy

A

folate inhibitor

25
Q

what medication is given for urge incontinence

A

oxybutinin

26
Q

what is the most common type of renal cell carcinoma

A

clear cell

Phase 2a (8 decks)

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