Resource Security from notes

Question 1

What is a resource?

Answer 1

Any aspect of the natural environment that can be used to meet human needs.

Question 2

What is an example of a resource?

Answer 2

Fossil fuels
minerals
Water supplies
Renewables

Question 3

What is Resource Security?

Answer 3

The ability of a country to safe guard a reliable and sustainable flow of resources maintain living standards of its population while ensuring ongoing economic and social development.

Question 4

What is a stock?

Answer 4

non-renewable, finite supply, can be permanently expended ;measured in absolute amounts not rates

Question 5

What is a flow?

Answer 5

Renewable: replaced with sufficiently short time span ; measured in annual rates generated.

Question 6

What is primary Energy?

Answer 6

One that is used directly from the natural sources.

Question 7

What is secondary Energy?

Answer 7

When a primary source transformed to make it suitable.

Question 8

What are the positives of Natural gas?

Answer 8

Cleanest fossil fuel
Flexible (easy to use)
Increasing number of reserves

Question 9

What are the negatives of Natural gas?

Answer 9

remote (offshore)

Difficult to transport -> investment in pipelines needed

Question 10

What are the positives of oil?

Answer 10

Dependent on it for transport
Leading trading good (profitable)
Flexible

Question 11

What are the negatives of Oil?

Answer 11

Volatile price
Environmental impacts - oil spills
geopolitical tensions

Question 12

What are the positives of Coal?

Answer 12

Wider geographical distribution
Stable proce
New tech- less environmental impacts

Question 13

What are the negatives of Coals?

Answer 13

Finite
Carbon particulates spoil heaps
Enhanced green house effect

Question 14

What are the positives of Nuclear energy?

Answer 14

less atmospheric pollution
Energy efficient
Low maintenance costs
Predictable energy resource

Question 15

What are the negatives of Nuclear energy?

Answer 15

high cost to build
Disposal of nuclear waste
Nuclear disasters (chenobel)

Question 16

What are the positives of Wind Energy?

Answer 16

Cost effective
Clean source of fuel
sustainable

Question 17

What are the negatives of Wind energy?

Answer 17

Best location are remote and away from where needed

Visual pollution

Question 18

What are the positives of Biomass?

Answer 18

Widely available
carbon Neutral
Less expensive
Less garbage in landfill

Question 19

What are the negatives of Biomass?

Answer 19

Less efficient
Produces Methane
Can lead to deforestation
requires a lot of space

Question 20

What are the positives of Geothermal?

Answer 20

No emissions 
reliable 
renewable 
High efficiency 
little maintenance

Question 21

What are the negatives of Geothermal?

Answer 21

Leas to release of greenhouse gases
High investment cost
Needs space to build

Question 22

What are the positives of Solar?

Answer 22

Renewable
Low maintenance costa
Constantly improving

Question 23

What are the negatives of Solar?

Answer 23

High investment costs
Wether dependant
expense to store
uses lots of space

Question 24

What are the positives of Hydroelectric?

Answer 24

Renewable
Guaranteed energy and stable price
No emissions

Question 25

What are the negatives of Hydroelectric?

Answer 25

Effects environments (building of dam ect )
Needs state levels of water
High investment cost

Question 26

What is a reserve?

Answer 26

Economically, legally and technologically available

Question 27

What is a critical resource?

Answer 27

That requires effective management to be renewable - control usage/pollution

Question 28

Virtual water-

Give an example-

Answer 28

Water embedded in food and commodities

land trapping
Saudi Arabia 2008, cut wheat by 12% and loans to companies to buy land in other countries. eg Mali and Senegal

Question 29

Abstraction-

Answer 29

removal of water for use- from ground water / rivers

Question 30

Recharge-

Answer 30

downward movement of water replenish ground water.