Global case studies Flashcards
What type of organisation is apple?
Spatial
Where is there apple baced
HQ Subsidiary HQ R&D Production Sold:
California Cork California- Silicon Valley China- Foxcon Globaly
What are the advances of apple in Cork?
- Employs 4000 workers
- Developed infrastructure
- 2500 indirect jobs
What are the disadvantages of apple in cork?
1) Most of the skilled workers are foreign
- creates less jobs for locals
2)Tax avoidance
Why is production located in china?
High skilled and low pay
What are the problems with Foxcon city?
Worker live on site worker
Work at night
Child Labour
Health and Saftey conditions low
What are the positive impacts of apple in china?
Employs 350,000 in Foxconn City
Develops infrasture
Encourages FDI
What are the negative impacts of apple in china?
- 10 suicides 2009
- Child Labour
- 2010 50 workers poised with toxic chemicals
- 2006, 200,000 worked >60hrs
What are the threats to antarctica?
Tourism
Fishing and Whaling
Climate change
Minerals
What are the negative impacts of Tourism on antarctica?
Sinking of MV explorer
Mount Erebus Air crash ->Oil spills
Breeding sites birds disturbed near antarctic bases
Waste low decomposition rates
What are the positive impacts of tourism on antarctica?
95% of landing sites un damaged
Tourists did little damage to penguins and seals
Raise awareness for conservation - Scott polar research institute
How is climate change affecting Antarctica?
Ocean acidification
Penguin cooling distribution
Brill down by 80% since the 1970’s
Less sea ice
How have whale and Krill populations changed from the 19th century to 1964?
19th century 275,000
1964 2000
2013 2000 tonnes of krill
Give a reason why whaling has decreased?
IWC
IWM
How does minerals affect antarctica?
Why have they not been exploited?
Oil reserves are unclear
Not cost efficient to mine
+ banned by Protocol
What might antarctica be exploited for minerals in the future?
Population increase
New tech
The ice is melting and making it more accessible
In 2048 the ban on mining might be overturned
What is the international Whaling Moratorium?
1982
Banned whaling
What are the impacts of the international Whaling Moratorium?
Whaling has decrease
Has allowed whale stocks to recover
Prevented extinction
What are the Negatives of the international Whaling Moratorium?
Japan
Loopholes- for scientific whaling
Japan using permits to whale 1000/per year on 2 ships
Australia took them to court and they ruled against the use of JAPRA 2
What are the Negatives of the international Whaling Moratorium?
IWC doesn’t inspect whaling boats
The damage has already been done
They do not monitor the number of whales
Voluntary eg. Iceland, Norway and Canada not part of it due to indigenous whaling
What is the International convention for Regulation whaling?
Protects certain whale species
Whale sanctuaries in southern Ocean
What are the positives of the Antarctic Treaty System?
Promotes sharing research
Successful disarmament regime
Freezes territorial claims
What are the negatives of the Antarctic Treaty System?
Territorial claims still exist Consensus needed Superpowers ignore regulations No policing- must take to ICJ Bio-prospecting rule - using plants for medicine -loss of investment due to sharing info
What are the positives of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic treaty?
Ban on mining
Nature reserve
protects global common
What are the negatives of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic treaty?
2041- Ban could be overturned.
Focus on net maritime areas (water
What are the positives of the United Nations Environment Programme?
Discusses questions of Antarctica on Globalscale
What are the negatives of the United Nations Environment Programme?
Relies on donations
Part of General Assembly (can’t cause direct impacts)
Relies on Environment ministers - Lack political power
What is the Convention of the regulation on Antarctic Mineral resources?
An agreement to manage exploitation Antarctica non-renewable oil + coal - DIDN’T PASS
What does the International Association of Tour Operations?
Regulates tourism
Limits visitors
Encourages conservation talks
Bans leaving waste
What are the positives of Antarctic + Southern Ocean Coalition?
Monteriers Krill and whale populations
Blocked convention for ‘regulation of Antarctic mineral resources
Campaigned for Australia to take Japan to ICJ
No Bias
Raise awareness : K
What is the Antarctic + Southern Ocean Coalition?
A group of 30 NGO’s
What are the negatives of Antarctic + Southern Ocean Coalition?
Only advocate can’t enforce
What case study can you use for Primary product dependency?
Angola
What are the economic issues with Primary product dependency in Angola?
68% below Poverty line
Poor Infrastructure
- 14 doctors per 1000
Slow industrialization
Oil and Angola Primary Product dependency.
95% of exports
75% Tax Revenue
34% of GDP
What was the 2008 Financial crisis and example of?
economic interdependence
What led to the 2008 financial crisis
US banks sell subprime mortgages due to deregulation
The housing demand went up as a result and the price followed
The bubble burst and houses to high to afford so the price of houses fell rapidly
What happened after houses prices fell?
value of houses when down so the amount of loans went up.
people could not afford to repay debt
mortgages companies and banks lose lots of money
What was the impact on other countries?
2008 financial crisis
Iceland’s 3 main banks fail
Iceland financial crisis
Eurozone debt crisis
What is the UN?
International organisation dealing with global issues
193 members
What are the positives of the UN?
MDG led to poverty down 47% to 14%
Global wars down
What are the negatives of the UN?
For MDG
- % down yet the number are the same
- Most decrease in Asia over Africa
- Poorest remain poorest
Most issues concern LIC’s but they have the least say
General assembly includes a;; but not legal
What are the Millennium Development goals?
8 anti poverty targets
2000-2015
What are the sustainable development goals?
reduce climate change
2015-30
disaster risk down
What is the Security council ?
15 members
5 permentant
legally binding
veto power
What is the General assembly?
All members
suggestions not legally binding .
What are the strengths of the Paris agreement?
180 pledges
reduce climate change
hold temperature rise to 1.5^C
supports NICs and LICs
What are the negatives of the Paris agreement?
trump pulled out
Temperature rise already to 1^C
voluntary
focus over source not sink
What are the 4 Amins of the Paris agreement?
to reduce global CO2 emmissions
Hold global temperature change to max 1^C
Green climate fund
(Funding HICs>LICs to help lICs deal with effects of climate change + implement renewable energy)
Pledges
What are the 4 objectives of the UN?
peace
Human rights
Human/ economical development
Climate change
