Resource Managment - Global Water Part 2

Question 1

water supply strategies

water transfer

Answer 1

• relieves water shortages in an areas
• expensive
• enviornmental impacts
• encourages unsus use of water in recieving area

Question 2

water supply strategies

dams and resevoirs

Answer 2

• manages, saves and prevents overflow of water in specific regions
• ppl are displaced
• spenny
• habitats are lost
• may trigger an earthquake
• lots of water is lost thru evap

Question 3

water supply strategies

desalination

Answer 3

• **abundant supply of seawater
• provides drinking water in areas**
• costly - only rich countries can afford
• produces many chemicals = env impact

Question 4

South-North Water Transfer Project

SNWTP

Answer 4

transfer water from yangtze river (south) to yellow river basin (north)

also goes east and west

Question 5

why was snwtp needed

Answer 5

• 20% of world pop but only 7% water supplies
• shortage of rainfall in northern china
• economic growth concentrated in northern china

Question 6

SNWTP

successes

Answer 6

• provides reliable water suplly in north
• improves availability of safe water
• industrial growth –> economic development
• irrigation –> economic development
• habitat creation along channels

Question 7

SNWTP

problems

Answer 7

• droughts in south
• low efficiency
• earthquake risk
• 300,000 ppl displaced on central route
• $17bn over budget - taxpayer money
• altered drainage patterns –> ecosystems disturbed
• polluted water transferred on eastern route
• farmers dont benefit from east or centre

Question 8

SNWTP

alternatives

Answer 8

• improving efficiency
• improve water use efficiency
• reduce demand for water by increasing price
• conserving groundwater stocks
• increasing water re-use by better managment on pollution

Question 9

sus water supplies

water conservation

Answer 9

preservation, control and development of water resources to meet present and future water demands
* reducing domestic use
* stopping leaks

Question 10

sus water supplies

groundwater managment

Answer 10

regulation of groundwater

Question 11

sus water supplies

recycling

Answer 11

treating sewer water so it can be used for:
* toilet flushing
* irrigation
* drinking
* industry
* groundwater recharge

Question 12

sus water supplies

grey water

Answer 12

reusing wastewater from people’s homes for beneficial purposes
* toilet flushing
* irrigation
* groundwater recharge

Question 13

blackwater

Answer 13

waste water that shouldnt be reused bc high risk of contamination by bacteria, viruses and pathogens

Question 14

hitosa

Answer 14

• south of capital city of ethiopia
• hot and dry rural farming
• pop: 174,360
• literacy rate = 37%

Question 15

hitosa

why water problem

Answer 15

• hot and dry
• LIC - modern tech not available
• exploitation of farmland
• women have to walk far to get water

Question 16

gravity flow water supply scheme

GFWSS

Answer 16

• transfer water from 2 springs by gravity to surrounding villages
• supply water to 65,000 ppl
• served 71,000 ppl in 3 yrs

Question 17

GFWSS

pros

Answer 17

• simple construction
• cheap maintenance
• completely community managed
• long term - 20 yrs and its still providing water
• no misuse of fund
• completed on time and in cost
• unite communites in area

Question 18

GFWSS

cons

Answer 18

• hygiene & sanitation edu wasnt provided
• agri uses too much water
• hygiene around taps was neglected = more disease
• inward migration threatens the sus
• pipe too costly for replacement - supplied from UK
• initial participation was low

Question 19

GFWSS

sus?

Answer 19

• local government supportive
• local ppl were always included in project
• locals trained in managment, maintenance, repair