Research methods 9: Features of a science

Question 1

What do the initials of the features of a science stand for?

Answer 1

FORCEHP

Question 2

What does the F in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 2

Falsifiability

Question 3

What does O in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 3

Objectivity

Question 4

What does the R in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 4

Replicability

Question 5

What does the C in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 5

theory Construction

Question 6

What does the E in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 6

Empirical methods

Question 7

What does the H in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 7

Hypothesis testing

Question 8

What does the P in FORCEHP stand for?

Answer 8

Paradigms

Question 9

What does replicability involve?

Answer 9

This involves being able to repeat the study to see if you can get the same result

Question 10

What does it suggest if you can repeat a study and get the same results?

Answer 10

That the results are reliable

Question 11

How do psychologists make there research repeatable by other psychologists?

Answer 11

Use standardised procedures with the same instructions in the same environment.

Question 12

What does data being objective involve?

Answer 12

Being free from opinion and not open to interpretation. No input of opinion or beliefs from researcher

Question 13

What does it suggest if the findings are objective and not biased or based on opinion?

Answer 13

The research is more accurate and credible

Question 14

Which research method is the most objective?

Answer 14

Lab experiments are the most objective because everything is controlled and standardised

Question 15

Which research method is the least objective?

Answer 15

Group interviews, because each participants answers/body language/expressions and persuasion influence decisions

Question 16

What can we establish with objective research methods?

Answer 16

A cause and effect relationship

Question 17

Facts alone are meaningless, how are they given worth?

Answer 17

Through theories which are collections of general principles that explain facts and observations

Question 18

What do theories help us do?

Answer 18

Predict and understand the phenomena around us

Question 19

How are theories modified?

Answer 19

Through the process of hypothesis testing

Question 20

What must a good theory be able to generate?

Answer 20

A testable expectation, which is named a hypothesis

Question 21

What happens if a hypothesis is proved wrong/right

Answer 21

Wrong- theory requires modification
Right- theory has validity

Question 22

What does empirical methods involve?

Answer 22

Using a method where you can physically see and measure the outcome

Question 23

Why are empirical methods important?

Answer 23

Because its a more accurate measurement if we can physically see the method

Question 24

How does empirical methods increase validity?

Answer 24

It allows us to see what it is measuring, increasing face validity

Question 25

Which is the most empirical theory and why?

Answer 25

Biological approach, because it uses brain scans and measures neuro transmitters, all of which are empirical evidence

Question 26

Which theory is the least empirical?

Answer 26

The psychodynamic approach because it uses the unconscious mind

Question 27

What is falsifiability?

Answer 27

Where a theory or hypothesis must be empirically testable to see if it is false or not

Question 28

Which approach would be considered not falsifiable?

Answer 28

The psychodynamic approach, we can’t see unconscious mind let alone prove or disprove it

Question 29

Who suggested the meaning of the paradigm?

Answer 29

Thomas Kuhn (1962)

Question 30

What did Thomas Kuhn say a paradigm was?

Answer 30

A shared set of assumptions, way of thinking and methods about a subject commonly accepted by members of a group

Question 31

What is a paradigm shift?

Answer 31

When a group of researchers question the paradigm, then their critique gains popularity and pace.