Research methodology 7: Qualitative Flashcards

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1
Q

Define qualitative research

A

Attempts to make sense of phenomena in terms of the meanings that people bring to them
Addresses beliefs and processes.

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2
Q

benefits of qualitative reserarch?

A

depth and detail
openess in possible responses
avoid pre-judgements
no need for resttrictive hypothesis

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3
Q

what are limitations of qualitative research

A

highly subjective
not generalisable
cannot compare groups/
transcription and analysis can be time consuming

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4
Q

why use qualitative research

A

Qualitative research takes an interpretative, naturalistic approach to its subject matter.
Sets a patient-centred agenda.
Challenges received wisdom.
Theory can emerge from the data - can generate new hypotheses
Can inform quantitative studies.

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5
Q

what are the steps to carry out a qualitative study

A
  1. Formulating the research question
  2. method
  3. select and recruit sample
  4. data collection
  5. interpretation and anylsis
  6. validity checks
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6
Q

what are the methods of qualititative research ?

A

Observation
Textual analysis / analysis of documents
Focus groups
Interviews

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7
Q

how is observation carried out ?

A

The researcher is immersed in the social setting being studied.
Observe and listen to participants with a view to gaining an appreciation of the culture of the group
Aim to gather first-hand information about social processes in a ‘naturally occurring’ process.

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8
Q

what is discourse analysis ?

A

Understanding how language is used

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9
Q

what is narrative analysis?

A

Understanding how stories or public opinion develop over time

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10
Q

what is content analysis

A

Looking for biases or deviations from the truth in e.g. the media

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11
Q

what are phenomenological analysis

A

Understanding patients lived experience and how they make meaning from it

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12
Q

what are the different interview types?

A
  1. structured
  2. semi-structured
  3. unstructured
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13
Q

what are some sampling types ?

A

extreme/deviant case; homogenous; typical case; snowball

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14
Q

what are the 5 key steps of framework analysis?

A
Familiarisation
Identifying a thematic framework
Indexing
Charting
Mapping and Interpretation
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15
Q

what is identifying a thematic framework mean?

A

Identify key issues, concepts, themes
Draw upon:
a priori issues (e.g. original research aims; topic guide of interview schedule)
Emergent issues raised by respondents

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16
Q

what is charting?

A

Group together elements of Data from the transcripts according to the appropriate theme
To view the data as a whole

17
Q

what does mapping involve?

A

Review charts and research notes
Compare and contrast perceptions, accounts, experiences (within and between participants)
Search for patterns and connections and their explanations

18
Q

benefits of framework analysis?

A

Dynamic
Systematic
Allows between- and within-case analysis

19
Q

how do you check for validity?

A

Triangulation
Respondent validation
Further interviews or focus groups
Subsequent analysis / independent assessment