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COMP > Research > Flashcards

Research Flashcards

1
Q

ICF domains

A

body, individual, and societal perspectives

one list of body functions and one list of domains of activity and participation

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2
Q

variance

A

-measure variability from the mean

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3
Q

SD

A

-square root of the variance

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4
Q

type 1 error

A

alpha

when you reject a true null

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5
Q

type 2 error

A

beta

when you retain a false null

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6
Q

critical T value

A

better to have a higher critical t value meaning you are reaching significance so you reject the null hypothesis

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7
Q

independent samples

A

participants in 2+ groups are unrelated and are observed once and only once. Random

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8
Q

dependent samples

A

compare the same sample of people multiple times (before and after tx.)

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9
Q

repeated measures

A

measures same group of people multiple times (pre-post design)

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10
Q

matched pairs study

A

related people matched in groups because of common characteristics

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11
Q

Face validity

A

is it measuring what’s supposed to measure

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12
Q

content validity

A

does it measure all the components of the variable

ex: surveys use this, pain questionnaires (all components of the pain -quality, etc.

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13
Q

criterion validity

A

how does it compare to the gold standard

ex: homans (poor criterion validity) vs. ultrasound Doppler (gold standard)

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14
Q

construct validity

A

how well can inferences be made from the results.

ex: results of EMG scores and MMT

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15
Q

confounding variable

A

associated with the exposure, a risk factor for the outcome, and not intermediate on the causal pathway between E and D

ex: age …Does DM lead to Dementia?

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16
Q

hawthorne effect

A

individuals perform better because they are in the study

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17
Q

healthy worker bias

A

occurs when compare workers to non-workers, workers are healthier than non-workers

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18
Q

control selection bias

A

when controls don’t represent the base population

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19
Q

volunteer bias

A

when volunteers differ from non-volunteers in study

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20
Q

information bias

A

errors in procedure for data collection

21
Q

recall bias

A

case groups more likely to recall their exposure

22
Q

interviewer bias

A

difference in interpretation of responses by interviewer

23
Q

sensitivity

A

how well a test detects those with a disease, TRUE positive

SnOUT

24
Q

specificity

A

how well a test detects those without a disease, TRUE negative
SpIN

25
Q

positive predictive value

A

proportion of people with a + test who actually have a dx

–> TRUE POSITIVE

26
Q

negative predictive value

A

proportion of people with a (-) test who do not have a dx

–>TRUE NEGATIVE

27
Q

correlation

A

used to describe relationship between 2 levels of independent variables.
DOES NOT INDICATE CAUSATION
r=(-)1.0 to 1.0
0=no correlation

28
Q

regression

A

used to predict/used to explain changed in dependent variables

29
Q

R^2

A

coefficient of determination
portion of total variance in one measure that can be explained by the variance in the other measure

ex: r=50, r^2=.25, then 25% of variance in Y is accounted for by X.

30
Q

T test

A

used to compare 2 levels of 1 independent variable

31
Q

ANOVA

A

used to compare 2+ levels/means

uses F statistic

32
Q

one-way anova

A

2+ levels of 1 independent variable on 1 dependent variable
-an extension of independent test
-F stat > critical value
IV:age (young, middle, old) DV: BP

33
Q

Repeated measures ANOVA

A

used when subjects are tested more than once, extension of dependent t-test

34
Q

two-way ANOVA

A

compare 2+ levels of 2 IV ON 1 dv.

35
Q

two-way ANOVA

-factorial

A

both IVs are independent (age and sex)

36
Q

two-way ANOVA

-mixed model

A

one IV is independent, the other is dependent

37
Q

two-way ANOVA

-repeated measures

A

both IVS are dependent

38
Q

Chi square

A

analyzes frequency of responses that are nominal

39
Q

ANCOVA

A

1+ IVs, 1+covariate –> DV

aka a regression ANOVA

40
Q

discriminant analysis

A

1 IV (2+ levels) —> 2+ DVs

41
Q

MANOVA

A

2+ IVs–> 2+ DVs (decreases type 1 error)

42
Q

MANCOVA

A

1+ IVs, 1+ covariates –> 2+ DVs

43
Q

covariate

A

variable possibly involved in study that explains error

44
Q

a good variate increases statistical power and adjusts groups so it makes comparison fairer

A

TRUE

45
Q

LR >1.0

A

suggests disease is present

46
Q

LR <1.0

A

suggest disease is NOT present

47
Q

kruskall wallis

A

compares if 3 or more independent samples come from the same population

non-parametric version of an ANOVA

48
Q

mann whitney test

A

compares 2 independent samples with ordinal data

nonparametric version of independent t-test

49
Q

Wilcoxon signed rank test

A

used to compare 2 dependent samples with orfinal level data/

nonparametric alternative to dependent or paired t -test

COMP (16 decks)

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