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Special Operations Test Dcfd > Res 4A Structural Collapse > Flashcards

Res 4A Structural Collapse Flashcards

1
Q

Tension Forces

A

Stretch members. Concrete and masonry have no tension strength

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2
Q

Compression Forces

A

Push on members. Crushed members tend to give warning such a splitting or bowing

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3
Q

Bending Forces

A

result of vertical loads caused by gravity pushing on slabs and beams. Roof rafters are subject to these forces

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4
Q

Tension and Compression of a beam

A

Tension bottom, compression top

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5
Q

Shear Forces

A

Occur in all beams and greatest at adjacent supports. Concrete, diagonal tension cracks.

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6
Q

Where are wood beams subject to shearing

A

Along a horizontal plane

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7
Q

Light Frame Construction

A

Skeletal structural framing system of wood or light gauge steel components.

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8
Q

Light Frame Construction degree of flexibility

A

High up to 300F, Low over 300F which produces a better image

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9
Q

Light Frame Construction is found

A

wood frame residential, multi-family low rise, light commercial up to 4 stories

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10
Q

Heavy Wall Construction

A

Independent structural or monolithic system making a grid.

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11
Q

Heavy Wall - Tilt Up Wall Construction

A

1-3 stories in height, multiple, monolithic, concrete wall panels with independent girder, column, and beams to provide lateral support for floors and roof.

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12
Q

URM Building

A

Unreinforced masonry building

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13
Q

Heavy Floor Construction

A

Typical cast in place concrete buildings

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14
Q

Pre Cast Construction

A

Modular concrete sections constructed on site with hazards at the connection points.

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15
Q

Cantilever Collapse

A

One end of floor hanging free, other end still attached, one wall has failed

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16
Q

Lean To Collapse

A

Wall fail or floor break/separation that causes one end to rest on a lower floor

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17
Q

Pancake Collapse

A

Upper floor fails and falls on lower causing lower floor to fail

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18
Q

V Type Collapse

A

Heavy loads cause floor to collapse near the center. Two voids created along outer walls

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19
Q

Tent Collapse

A

One end of floor collapses. Creating a void one EITHER side of the support member.

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20
Q

Secondary Collapse

A

Often more severe than the initial collapse

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21
Q

Safety Considerations Collapse

A

“Look outs” monitor structure for movement. Use of transit, plumb bob, level.

22
Q

Briefing Collapse

A

Must be conducted, ensure understandings of

1) Rescue plan
2) Specific roles
3) Safety and hazard issues
4) Method of alerting and egress if unexpected failure

23
Q

List of supporting tasks

A 
Level 3 Account, 
mark collapse zone, 
control access, 
remove civilians, 
assign Safety officer, 
lookout crew, 
securing utilities, 
victim staging area
24
Q

Collapse zone

A

At least 1 1/2 times the total height of structure

25
Q

Victim removal priorities

A

1) on surface or lightly buried
2) Can be seen or heard
3) Known locations

26
Q

Risk vs gain analysis factors

Collapse

A

1) Viability
2) potential for secondary collapse
3) existence of fire, HM, explosions
4) adequate resources to complete operation without stopping

27
Q

Search methods Collapse

A

Visual, victims who can be heard, Call out and listen, TIC, search cam, listening device, canine

28
Q

Six phases of structural collapse

A

1) Size Up and Assessment
2) Removal of surface victims
3) Voids and Accessible space search
4) Selected debris removal
5) General debris removal after all victims recovered
6) Termination

29
Q

Emergency Communications

A

Evacuate Area - 3 short blasts 1 second each,

Stop all Operations/All Quiet - 1 Long Blast 3 seconds, Resume Operations 1 long 1 short

30
Q

Structural Triage Assessment

A

How can we do the most good, in the shortest amount of time, with resources we have

31
Q

Sides of a structure

A

Six sides, A,B,C,D, roof and basement

32
Q

Hot Zone Collapse Zone

A

1/2 times greater than height and must be marked with yellow fire tape, L3 account

33
Q

Warm Collapse Zone

A

Support activities, command post, staging area, cut station, rehab, medical

34
Q

Cold Collapse Zone

A

Media, rescuers not assigned, civilians

35
Q

Other agencies

A

DCEMA, DPW, DDOT, MPD, utilities, Red Cross

36
Q

Structural Hazard Marking System Size and Color

A

2x2 square, orange spray, close to entry or arrow pointing to entry

37
Q

Adjacent to Structural Hazard System box

A

Date marked, Time marked, Hazard identified, who marked

38
Q

Just a square box (orange)

A

Building is safe and accessible

39
Q

Square box with one diagonal

A

Building is significantly damaged, some areas safe some need shoring

40
Q

Square box with two diagonals

A

Building is not safe to search.

41
Q

Search and Rescue Marking System functions

A

1) rescue team has entered
2) search has been completed
3) who completed
4) the outcome of search

42
Q

Search X left quadrant

A

Search Team

43
Q

Search X upper quadrant

A

Date and time search was completed

44
Q

Search X right quadrant

A

Hazards identified

45
Q

Search X lower quadrant

A

of live and dead victims or no victims

46
Q

While inside structure only markings on Search X are

A

right quadrant hazards and lower quadrant victims

47
Q

Victim Marking System potential victim

A

A “V” two feet in height as near to victim as possible, arrows as needed

48
Q

Victim Marking System confirmed victim

A

Must be from second dog or second tool, ADD circle around V

49
Q

Victim Marking System confirmed dead

A

Horizontal line across V

50
Q

Victim Marking System victim removed

A

X through circle

51
Q

Victim Marking System writing

A

Rescue team designation

Special Operations Test Dcfd (13 decks)

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