Hazmat Ops (Target Solutions) Flashcards
What is the main responsibility of responders at the awareness level on a HazMat
Recognize and quickly request the appropriate aid
NEPA 1970 (National Environmental Policy Act)
Establishes national goals for environmental protection. Requires the government to consider the environment with decisions and actions
CAA 1970 (Clean Air Act)
Gives EPA power to regulate air emissions from stationary and mobile sources
CWA 1972 (Clean Water Act)
Objectively restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s water
SDWA 1974 (Safe Drinking Water Act)
Gives EPA power to establish standards for drinking water quality and mandate the protection of groundwater
HMTA 1975 (Hazardous Materials Transportation Act)
Gives DOT authority to establish standards for transportation of hazardous materials
RCRA 1976 (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act)
Gives EPA power to control hazardous waste from cradle to grave
TSCA 1976 (Toxic Substances Control Act)
Allows EPA to regulate all newly created chemicals that could cause an unreasonable risk to the public
FIFRA 1978 (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act)
Controls the distribution, sale, and use of pesticides
CERCLA 1980 (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act)
Provides a federal “superfund” for the cleanup of hazardous materials release incidents.
SARA 1986 (Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act)
SARA 1986 (Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act)
AHERA 1986 (Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act)
Requires that schools be inspected for asbestos
Ignitable hazardous wastes have a flashpoint less than___________?
140 degrees
Flashpoint
The lowest temperature required for a material to ignite
Corrosivity
Degree to which a material has the ability to dissolve metal and other materials
>/= 12.5 pH
= 2.0 pH
Reactivity
Contains unstable chemicals that react with water, air, or other chemicals to ignite, produce heat, or release hydrogen or oxygen that enhance combustion
Pyrophoric
A reactive chemical that is capable of self-igniting
Toxicity
Ability of a substance to cause harm or death when injested or absorbed
Persistent waste
Does not biodegrade or break down in the environment
Bioaccumulative waste
Accumulates or builds up in living things
Label
Written, printed, or graphic elements concerning a hazardous chemical that is affixed to the container
Marking
Description or name of the substance Identification number Instructions for use or disposal Cautions Weight
Placard
Diamond shaped sign used to identify the contents of a vehicle or container
What are the two classifications of hazardous chemicals?
Physical-Hazard caused by reaction of the chemical
Health- Caused directly by the chemicals themselves
Hazard categories numbering severity
1 Most Severe
2
3
4 Slightest risk
Product Identifier
Product Identifier
Name or number used for the hazardous chemical on the label
Signal Words
Caution < Danger < Warning
Hazard Statement
Describes nature and degree of chemical’s hazards
Precautionary statement
Describes the recommended measures that should be taken to minimize/prevent adverse effects
Supplemental Info
Non-standardized info
Pictogram
Design that conveys specific information. 9 established pics
Secondary container label
When chemicals are transferred from their primary container to plastic jugs or spray bottles. This container requires the same label
Stationary Process Containers
A fixed receptacle like a storage tank can have a sign posted instead of affixing a label
Portable Containers
Used to transfer a hazardous chemical from one labeled container to another. These don’t need a label
DOT Hazard classes
- Explosives
- Gases
- Flammable
- Flammable solids
- Oxidizer
- Poisonous/Infectious
- Radioactive
- Corrosive
- Misc.
Shipping Papers
Identifies or describes the material being transported. Examples: shipping order, bill of lading, hazmat manifest
Hazardous waste manifest
Set of forms, reports, and procedures designed to track waste from cradle to grave
NFPA Fire diamond
Red-Flammability
Blue-Health
Yellow-Reactivity
White-Special Info
NFPA 704 Diamond Numbers
0 No Hazard 1 2 3 4 Worst hazard
Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) labeling
Same as NFPA, but as a list Chemical Name (Blue) #health (Red) #flammability (Yellow) #reactivity (White) O PPE
ERG 4 color-coded sections
Yellow-Listed by number
Blue-Alphabetical list
Orange-Hazards, safety, emergency response
Green-3 tables: Inhalation, reaction with water, and isolation distance
The physical form for a chemical takes determines its ______________________
Route of entry
Toxicology
Study of poisons and their effects on living organisms
2 important factors that contribute to a chemical’s poisonous effect on the body
Route of entry and dose
Acute exposure
One-time, high level exposure over a short period of time
Chronic exposure
Repetitive or continuous low level exposure over long periods of time
4 most common symptoms of chronic exposure
Rash
Headache
Nausea
Burns
4 types of chemical interactions
Additive 1+1=2
Potentiation 1+1=4 where one is non-toxic
Synergistic 1+1=20
Antagonism 10+10=2
Once a chemical is absorbed, it is processed in what three ways?
Metabolized, stored, excreted
OSHA’s hierarchy of controls:
3 methods of hazard control
- Engineering controls-Changing the workplace to make it safer
- Administrative controls-Rotate schedules, make rules, train workers
- PPE-Used when all other methods have been exhausted
Classifications of levels of PPE
OSHA & EPA A-D
NFPA 1-4
Level A PPE
SCBA/Supplied air with SCBA back-up
Fully encapsulating chemical protective suit
Chemical resistant inner & outer gloves
Chemical resistant boots with steel toe and shank
Level B PPE
Lower level of skin protection than level A
Chemical resistant clothing instead of fully-encapsulated suit
Level C PPE
Less respiratory protection than Level B
Less skin protection than Level A
Air purifying respirator instead of SCBA
Chemical resistant clothing instead of fully-encapsulated suit
Level D PPE
Work uniform
Coveralls
Safety boots
Other PPE based on situation
2 types of respirators
Atmosphere supplying
Air purifying
Assigned Protection Factor (APF)
Level of protection that a properly functioning respirator would be expected to provide
APF 10 = inhale 1/10 of contaminants
SCBA APF
10,000
Disposable APR’s Assigned protection factor
10
Full facepiece APR’s Assigned protection factor
50
Respirator Filter Classifications
Letter
N - Not resistant to oil
R - Somewhat resistant to oil
P - Strongly resistant or oil-proof
Number
% of the contaminant that will be filtered out
What does NIOSH stand for?
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
What is a time weighted average? (TWA)
Average concentration of a chemical that most workers can be exposed to during a given period of time.
A 40-hour workweek is usually used
3 levels of HazMat incidents
Level I: Small scale, handled by first responders
Level II: May pose a risk to life/environment/property. Requires Hazmat team
Level III: Large scale. Severe risk. Requires substantial resources.
5 levels of Hazmat responder
First Responder Awareness First Responder Operations Technician Specialist Incident Commander
Hazardous Material (defines by EPA)
A substance that harms humans, animals, and/or the environment.
Where will the 4-digit DOT hazardous chemical placard be located?
In the center of the placard
On an adjacent orange panel
