Reproductive System Test Flashcards
What is the function of the scrotum?
Hold the testicles outside of the body for temperature regulation
T/F: 98.6 is ideal for maximum sperm cell production
False
Where are the seminiferous tubeless located?
Testes
What do the seminiferous tubules produce?
Produce sperm cells
Where are the interstitial cells located?
Testes
What do the interstitial cells produce?
Male sex hormones
What are the three parts of the sperm cell?
Head, body, tail
This part of the sperm cell contains the chromosomes
Head (23, haploid)
This part of the sperm cell contains many mitochondria for energy
Body
This part of the sperm cells propels the sperm through the fluid to find the egg
Tail
Where is the epididymis?
Posterior surface of the testes
What is the function of the epididymis?
Connects the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferences; sperm cells are contained there
Tube that leads from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
Vas deferens
List the 3 organs that secrete materials into the semen
- Prostate
- Seminal vehicle
- Bulbourethral
How many sperm cells are produced in 24 hours?
Millions
What is the difference between the penile urethral and the prostatic urethral
- penile = in the penis
- prostatic = in the prostate
What are the 2 functions of the urethra
- Takes semen out of the body
2. Takes urine out of the body
Where are the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum layers?
In the penis
What are the functions of both the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum layers?
They are erectile tissue
Where is the glans penis
The distal end of the penis
The flap of skin that covers the glans; removed during circumcision
Prepuce
Where are the ovaries?
Abdomen
What do the ovaries produce?
Eggs
Oocytes is another word for
Eggs
What is oogenesis
Egg cell formation
Egg cell formation is called
Oogenesis
What is produced when the primary oocyte undergoes meiosis?
Secondary oocyte
When an ovary releases an egg into the uterine tube
Ovulation
Trace the path of a secondary oocyte during ovulation
Ovary > uterine tube > degenerates if it does not get fertilized, moves to uterus if it does get fertilized
Where are the uterine tubes
Abdomen
What is the function of uterine tubes
Lead from the ovary into the uterus
Finger-like projections of the uterine tube that wrap around that ovary to receive the egg during ovulation
Fimbriae
Wide funnel-like region of the uterine tube that helps the tube wrap around the ovary
Infundibulum
This part of the body is the womb - it holds the baby during pregnancy
Uterus
Body of the uterus is the _______
Top 1/3
Cervix of the uterus is the ________
Bottom 1/3
The bottom 1/3 of the uterus is called
The cervix
The top 1/3 of the uterus is called
The body
What test checks for cervical cancer
Pap smear
List the 3 layers of the uterus from the inner to the outer part
- Endometrium
- Myometrium
- Perimetrium
The function of this body part is to receive the penis during sexual intercourse, and is the birth canal during labor and delivery
Vagina
What is the difference between that labia majora and the labia minora?
- Majora: are larger outer folds of skin; muscle and tissue around the vaginal orifice
- minora: smaller inner folds of skin, muscle and tissue
When a woman stops ovulating, and thus stops menstruating
Ovulation
13th chromosome has 3 copies instead of two. Chromosomal condition, severe intellectual disabilities and physical abnormalities. Paraguay syndrome
Trisomy 13
Genetic mutation that results in decreased production of protein. Causes the increased risk of cancer. Includes distinctive facial features, increased sensitivity to the sun.
Bloom’s syndrome
Genetic condition that is caused by the deletion of genetic material on chromosome 5. Symptoms are intellectual disabilities, delayed development - the severity of the individuals defects depend on the size of the deletion of the chromosome.
Cri-du-chat syndrome
.
Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
24th X chromosome is partially or fully missing - only in females. Fluid around the neck, heart / kidney abnormalities, slow growth, weblike neck, receding or small jawline, failure to develop.
Turner syndrome
Creates a deficiency an enzyme that breaks down fat in enzymes. Progressive loss in motor skills and mental function, schizophrenia, difficulty speaking or swallowing. Hereditary, autosomal recessive disease.
Tay-Sachs disease
Inhereted metabolic disease, PAH gene fails to produce an enzyme which breaks down phenylalanine, causes an excess of the protein phenylalanine. Autosomal recessive genes. Treated if caught early on by changing diet
PKU
During conception, nucleus makes an extra copy of X chromosomes. Caused by unhealthy sperm or egg cell. A chromosomal disorder, 2+ X chromosomes (XXY) in the gene pool. Symptoms = weaker muscles, less body hair, smaller testes, larger breasts in males. No cure.
Kleinfelter syndrome
3 copies of chromosome 18. Full, partial, mosaic. Cleft palate, low birth weight, clenched hands, low birth weight. No cure
Trisomy 18
Prenatal disorder test, sampled amniotic fluid. Syringe extracts amniotic fluid and analyzes DNA to see if the child has a disorder.
Amniocentesis
DIAGRAMS
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