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Anatomy > Cardiovascular System Test (chapter 12) > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Test (chapter 12) Flashcards

1
Q

Eurythrocytes

A

RBCs

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2
Q

W/R? Transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide

A

RBC

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3
Q

W/R? No nucleus

A

RBC

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4
Q

W/R? Contain hemoglobin

A

RBC

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5
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

An iron-containing protein

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6
Q

One hemoglobin is capable of containing how many O2 molecules?

A

4

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7
Q

How is O2 carried to the cells?

A

Diffusion

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8
Q

What compound attatched to hemoglobin?

A

CO2

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9
Q

W/R? Round, disk shaped

A

RBC

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10
Q

How many hemoglobin molecules fit on one RBC?

A

250 million

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11
Q

How much of the blood do RBCs make up?

A

44%

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12
Q

W/R? Produced in red bone marrow of ribs, humerus, femur, sternum, and other long bones

A

RBC

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13
Q

Where are old RBCs destroyed?

A

Liver and spleen

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14
Q

W/R? Life span of 100-120 days

A

RBCs

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15
Q

RBCs are controlled by what hormone produced in the kidneys?

A

Erythropoitin

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16
Q

W/R? Less than 1% of blood volume

A

WBC

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17
Q

W/R? Has a nucleus

A

WBC

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18
Q

W/R? Biggest of the two blood cells

A

WBC

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19
Q

W/R? Job to defend against disease

A

WBC

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20
Q

W/R? Can slip out of vessels

A

WBC

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21
Q

W/R? Cause inflammatory response

A

WBC

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22
Q

W/R? Damaged cells give off certain chemicals so that ______ are alerted and can rush to the wounded area

A

WBC

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23
Q

Production of WBCs increase when there is a(n) _________.

A

Infection

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24
Q

B- blood can receive from which of the blood types?

A

B-, O-

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25
Q

How do RBC differ from WBC?

A
  1. WBC are bigger
  2. Purpose
    • RBC: transport oxygen
    • WBC: fight infection and disease
  3. Nucleus
    • RBC: doesnt have one
    • WBC: has one
  4. Make-up of blood
    • RBC: make up 44%
    • WBC: Make up less than 1%
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26
Q

Production of RBC depend on…?

A

The amount of O2 levels in the blood

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27
Q

The fluid or liquid part of the blood that contains proteins

A

Plasma

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28
Q

Different types of blood are due to surface molecules called?

A

Antigens

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29
Q

What protein binds oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A

Hemoglobin

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30
Q

What % of the blood is plasma?

A

55%

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31
Q

What % of the blood is red blood cells?

A

44%

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32
Q

What is the function of the plasma?

A

Contains proteins - Carries RBC, WBC, platelets, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, gases, and inorganic salts

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33
Q

What is the function of RBCs?

A

The transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide

34
Q

What is the function of WBCs?

A

To fight disease and infection

35
Q

What blood type is the universal donor?

A

O- (because it has no antigens)

36
Q

What blood type is the universal acceptor?

A

AB+ (because it has no antibodies)

37
Q

One hemoglobin molecule can carry up to ___ oxygen molecules

A

4

38
Q

T / F: If you have type A blood and type O is added during a transfusion, no problems will arise

A

False: type O has anti-A antibodies, and blood type A has A antigens

39
Q

T/F: blood is slightly acidic

A

False - blood is slightly basic

40
Q

T/F: Healthy RBCs are biconcave

A

True

41
Q

Old RBCs are destroyed by the red bone marrow

A

False - destroyed by the liver and spleen

42
Q

T/F: the average life span of a RBC is about 10-20 days

A

False - the average lifespan of a RBC is 100-120 days

43
Q

T/F: RBCs are produced in the liver and spleen

A

False - they are produced in the red bone marrow

44
Q

What hormone is involved in the production and the destruction of RBCs, and is mostly produced in the kidneys?

A

Erythropoietin

45
Q

The condition in which a person has too many RBCs

A

Polycythemia

46
Q

What element does hemoglobin contain?

A

Iron

47
Q

What is anemia?

A

Lack of red blood cells

48
Q

What is the connection between malaria and sickle cell anemia?

A

If you have sickle cell, then you cant get malaria

49
Q

Describe Leukemia and how an individual who had this disease may be affected by it

A
  • Cancer within blood cells: too many WBCs in the body
  • symptoms = fever, chills, red spots, tendencies to bleed
  • treatment = chemo, cell transplant
  • no definite cure
50
Q

A human blood sample at the blood bank has B antigens in the RBCs and anti-A antibodies in the plasma. What type is the blood? Who can receive it?

A

Ask

51
Q

When is Rh incompatibility a risk in pregnancy?

A

During erythroblastosis fetalis - the mother has Rh - and the child is Rh +

52
Q

A health instructor teaches the class to use gauze to put pressure on a cut. Why is this helpful?

A
  • gauze has frayed edges so the platelets can connect to it
  • by putting pressure on it, the hope is that some cells die due to pressure and alert the WBCs by releasing their chemical
53
Q

Anne has blood type AB and just had a baby who is blood type AB. She is claiming that Billy is the father and is demanding that he pay child support. Billy is blood type A. Is it possible that Billy is the father of the baby?

A

Yes. In either case of Billy being blood type AA or AO, the child may be his

54
Q

Another name for clotting of the blood is

A

Agglutination

55
Q

What are leukocytes?

A

White blood cells

56
Q

What part of the blood is responsible for clotting?

A

Platelets

57
Q

How long is the life span of a platelet?

A

One week

58
Q

How are blood types determined?

A

By the presence or absence of surface molecules on the RBC

59
Q

What blood type is the most common amongst Americans?

A

O (47%)

60
Q

What blood type is the least common amongst Americans?

A

AB (3%)

61
Q

Why is someone more likely to bleed to death when an artery is cleanly severed rather than when it is crushed and torn?

A

If the cut is jagged then the platelets have something to stick on to and form a web faster

62
Q

Sticky network of protein fibers

A

Fibrin

63
Q

What forms a web over an opened wound?

A

Platelets (specifically fibrin)

64
Q

Another word for platelets?

A

Thrombocytes

65
Q

What is hemostasis?

A

The stoppage of bleeding

66
Q

What part of the blood is responsible for clotting

A

Thrombocytes

67
Q

Another name for a blood clot is…?

A

Thrombocyte

68
Q

If you had a low hematocrit would you expect your hemoglobin percentage to be high or low? Why?

A

Low because you have fewer red blood cells, which means that you have less hemoglobin because RBCs contain hemoglobin

69
Q

List 2 causes of anemia

A

Iron deficiency

Blood loss

70
Q

How could training at high elevations affect an athletes blood cell count

A

Increases the red blood cell count in order to receive more oxygen

71
Q

Which blood type is the universal donor

A

O-

72
Q

What blood type is the universal recipient

A

AB+

73
Q

Antibodies are produced around how many months after birth??

A

2-8 months

74
Q

Disorder in which your red blood cells are a C-shape. Allows for extreme pain

A

Sickle-cell anemia

75
Q

Disorder in which there are too many red blood cells / too thick of blood

A

Polycythemia

76
Q

Disorder in which there is a lack of red blood cells - caused y blood loss and iron deficiency

A

Anemia

77
Q

Which disorder revolves around too many WBC in the blood. Symptoms of joint pain, red sport, and the tendency to bleed?

A

Leukemia

78
Q

Which disorder involves extreme bleeding - blood does not clot normally

A

Hemophilia

79
Q

Which disorder involves extreme blood clotting? Symptoms include swelling, shaking, and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke

A

Thrombophilia

80
Q

The disorder in which your body absorbs too much iron. Stored in liver, heart, and kidney. Symptoms include pain, fatigue,, and liver failure.

A

Hemochromatosis

Anatomy (23 decks)

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