Reproductive System

Question 1

Cystitis

Answer 1

• more common in females: shorter urethra, contraceptives, and 1/3 of cases are honeymoon cystitis
• in males increase by age of 50- prostate inflammation
• treat with FQs, sulpha drugs
  1. Dysuria: painful, difficult voiding in small amounts
  2. Pyuria: purulent (pus), WBCs in urine

Question 2

Pyelonephritis

Answer 2

• fever, chills, nasuea, vomiting, back pain, profuse perspiration, scar tissue on kidney, decrease urine output and kidney failure
• 75%-100% is E.coli
• treatment: long-term- Cephalosporins and FQs

Question 3

Gonorrhea

Answer 3

- has capsule and fimbriae
males:
- painful urination
- purulent discharge (pus)
- can scar vas deferens and testes (non-reversible sterility)
females:
- irritation in cervical region
- difficulty urinating
- causes PID
- ovaries and fllopian tubes are scarred (can cause sterility) or ectopic pregnancy

• anal gonohhea (itching or pus)
• pharyngeal gonorrhea (sore throat + gingevitis)
• Neonatal Opthalmia (blindness in newborns passed through birth canal)

Question 4

Pelvic Inflammation Disease

Answer 4

• ovaries and fallopian tubes are scarred/inflammed

- caused by: Neisseria or Chlamydia

Question 5

Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)

Answer 5

• caused by chlamydia
• treated with Tetracyclin
• symptoms: painful urination and discharge
• can cause PID

Question 6

Syphilis

Answer 6

• treatment: Penicillen Benzathine
• axial filament enables movement
• STI but can have non-sexual transmission
  Stages:
  1. Primary:
• lesions (chancre sores)
• spirochetes are in the exudate
• spread: CV/lymphatic system
• females- in urethral and cervical regions
• males- external chancres or not seen
  2. Secondary:
• skin rashes (all over the body, in oral cavity)
• extreme fatigue
• hair loss
  3. Latent:
• no symptoms
• can be congenitally transfers to fetus (cause severe fetal damage), deafness, mental defects
  4. Tertiary:
• Gummas: on palate: causes speech impediments; on aorta: causes CV problems