reproductive system Flashcards
seminiferous tubule (males)
-what is responsible for sperm production
-in testes
epididymis (males)
-stores immature sperm until the mature
-in testes
ductus deference in testes (males)
-transport sperm from epididymis
to the excretory duct
-in testes
interstitial cells (males)
-between the seminiferous
tubules
-secrete androgen and testosterone hormes
nurse/Sertoli cells? (males)
-activated by FSH and testosterone
-nutrients and growth for sperm
-blood-testis barrier
-Produce inhibin
Gamete formation (males)
-produced in the testes(spermatogenesis)
-in seminiferous tubules inside the testes
spermatogenesis and occur in what life stage (males)
-process of sperm cell development
-begins during puberty-death
-in several structures like the testes and epididymis
spermiogenesis occur in what life stage (males)
-process after spermatogenesis
-happens in seminiferous tubules
-cytodifferentiation of spermatids.
-at puberty
movement of sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the urethra
- Seminiferous tubules(testes)
-Epididymis
-Ductus deferens
-Ejaculatory duct - Urethra
accessory glands in the production and proper function of semen
-Seminal glands
-prostate gland
-bulbourethral glands
hormones regulating male development and spermatogenesis
-follicle stimulating hormone
-luteinizing hormone
-androgen hormone
ovaries (females)
almond-shaped organs, where female
gamete, ovum, forms
uterine tubes (females)
-transport the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month
also known as the fallopian tube
uterus (females)
-where a fetus develops and grows
vagina (females)
Cervix projects into the vagina, normally blocked by thick mucus. the mucus thins around ovulation phase
mammary glands (females)
Lactation (milk production) occurs in modified sweat glands
oogenesis (females)
-Ovum production from stem cell oogonium
-begins in utero
-18-22 after conception until menopause
oogenesis relation with ovarian cycles (females)
-the process during which the formation of the oocyte takes place
oogenesis relation with uterine cycles (females)
-The menstrual cycle begins with the maturation of oocytes through the process of oogenesis
oogenesis similar to spermatogenesis?
-both forms of gametogenesis
-diploid gamete cell produces haploid sperm and egg cells
changes that occur during ovarian cycle?
-Follicular phase
-Ovulation
-Luteal phase
hormone production by ovarian tissue change during the ovarian cycle (female)
-Follicular phase(follicle-stimulating&luteinizing hormone)
-Ovulation(estrogen drops after)
-Luteal phase(Progesterone)
menses (female)
-menstruation, Endometrium
sloughs off and out
hormone triggers thickening of the endometrium? (female)
During ovulation estrogen thickens this
hormone triggers release of the
endometrium? (female)
Estradiol and progesterone
What structures are sloughed off during menses
endometrium/inner lining of the uterus
progesterone level remains elevated during pregnancy?
Progesterone is a steroid hormone that has many functions
-Preventing preterm labor
-Preparing for breastfeeding
-Preparing for implantation
roles of estrogen in reproduction? (female)
-help to stimulate the growth of the egg follicle
-proliferate endometrial cells in the follicular phase(menstrual cycle)
-thickening the endometrial lining in preparation for pregnancy
hormone release by the hypothalamus? (female)
-luteinizing-hormone-releasing
-Oxytocin
-Prolactin
hormones produced by the ovaries (female)
-estrogen
-progesterone
body temperature be used as a gauge for ovulation?
-Ovulation may cause a slight increase in basal body temperature
oogenesis different from spermatogenesis?
-Oogenesis occurs monthly
-Oogenesis results in one egg, from primary oocye
-spermatogenesis occurs daily
-spermatogensis produce 4 sperms
Follicular phase
-first half of the menstrual cycle and occurs before ovulation
-tertiary follicles matures with the nutrient provided by the surrounding follicle cells
-prepares the ovaries for ovulation
-7-10 days
Luteal phase
-luteal phase is the second phase
-prepares the body for pregnancy by thickening the lining of the uterus (remaining follicle cells form the corpus luteum)
-12–14 days
Ovulation
-involves the release of an egg (ovum)
-Follicle ruptures and oocyte is released
