lymphatic system

Question 1

Lymphatic system

Answer 1

organ system that is part of immune system and complementary to the circulatory system

Question 2

lymph

Answer 2

-fluid leaked from blood vessels, bathes the tissue and goes back to the blood stream
-colorless(lacks RBC) fluid contenting WBC

Question 3

lymphatic vessels and capillaries

Answer 3

-thin-walled vessels
-endothelia cells and smooth muscle

Question 4

interstital fluid

Answer 4

-fluid around the cells
-flow into lymphatic capillaries, following pressure gradient

Question 5

bone marrow produces?

Answer 5

-lymphacytes(immature T cells, B cells, NK cells)

Question 6

Thymus?

Answer 6

-responsible for maturation of T cells

Question 7

Lymph nodes?

Answer 7

-Bean shaped structures along lymph vessels
-filter substances that travel through lymphatic fluid

Question 8

spleen?

Answer 8

-Synthesis and maturation of lymphocytes(B and T cells)
-filter blood
-stores blood cells
-stores platelets
-recycles iron
-destroys old blood cells

Question 9

tonsils?

Answer 9

-protection of pharynx against pathogens

Question 10

Appendix

Answer 10

-protection of the large intestine

Question 11

Mucosa

Answer 11

associated lymphatic tissues (MALT) in digestive, respiratory, unitary, reproductive tracts

Question 12

lymphocytes

Answer 12

-T cells(most common)
-B cells
-natural killer (NK) cells
-synthesized in bone marrow,

Question 13

T cells

Answer 13

-Killler T cells (thymus derived cells)
-attack and destroy foreign cells or body cells infected
-direct cellular attack

Question 14

NK cells

Answer 14

-attack foreign cells or body cells infected
-secrete chemicals that lyse the plasma membrane of the abnormal cells
-more rapid response

Question 15

B cells

Answer 15

-activated by Helper T cells
-differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells
-plasma cells secrete antibodies, leads to destruction of pathogens
-memory B cells remember the antigen

Question 16

helper T cells

Answer 16

-stimulate the responses of both T and B cells
-no helper T cells to stimulate B cells then no antibodies
-no helper T cells to stimulate T cells then no active T cells to kill pathogens

Question 17

Regulatory T Cells

Answer 17

• moderate the immune response
  -wind down immune response by deactivating B and T cells

Question 18

Memory T cells

Answer 18

-respond to antigens they have already encountered by cloning
-reserve population of T cells that can respond explosively to a subsequent exposure to their antigen

Question 19

Macrophage

Answer 19

-large, active phagocytes
-present everywhere in body
-WBC that can engulf a pathogen, destroy target by releasing toxic chem into interstitial fluid, bind to pathogen in interstitial and destroy it

Question 20

Primary response

Answer 20

-1st exposure to antigen
-few B cells activated
-antibody level increases over a period of 10 days

Question 21

Secondary response

Answer 21

-exposure to the same antigen
-memory B and T cells are respond aggressively
-produce lots of antibodies faster

Question 22

Innate immunity

Answer 22

-non specific
-born with it
-skin, phagocytes

Question 23

Naturally acquired innate immunity

Answer 23

-baby receives antibodies from mother

Question 24

Artificially acquired innate immunity

Answer 24

-person receives antibodies to fight infection

Question 25

Adaptive immunity

Answer 25

-specific
-T and B cells respond to specific antigens

Question 26

antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity

Answer 26

-antigen-specific antibodies produced by B cells

Question 27

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer 27

-primarily driven by mature T cells, macrophages doesn’t depend on antibodies

Question 28

Naturally acquired adaptive immunity

Answer 28

-occurs after exposure to antigens in environment

Question 29

artificially acquired adaptive immunity

Answer 29

-vaccination or immunization

Question 30

anaphylaxis

Answer 30

-server allergic reaction or hypersensitive response to antigen
-memory B cells remember the antigen
-tigger massive release of histamine