Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
Sperm route
A
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra
2
Q
Accessory sex glands of the male reproductive system
A
Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Bulbourethral glands
3
Q
Supporting structures of the male reproductive system
A
Penis
Scrotum
4
Q
Function of accessory glands
A
Produce substances that protect the gametes and facilitate their movement
5
Q
Function of supporting structures
A
Assist in delivery of gametes
6
Q
Pouch that supports the testes
A
Scrotum
7
Q
Median ridge that separates the scrotum into lateral portions
A
Raphe
8
Q
Composed of smooth muscle fibers found in the subcutaneous layer of the Scrotum
A
Dartos muscle
8
Q
Divides the scrotum into two compartments
A
Scrotal septum
9
Q
Collection of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis
A
Hydrocele
10
Q
Small bands of skeletal muscle that descends as an extension of the internal oblique muscle through the speramtic cord
A
Cremaster muscle
10
Q
Partially covers the testest
A
Tunica Vaginalis
11
Q
Divides the testest into little compartments
A
Tunica albuginea
12
Q
Site of sperm maturation
A
Epididymis
12
Q
The process by which the seminiferous tubules produce sperm
A
Spermatogenesis
13
Q
Functions of epididymis
A
Propel sperm to vas deferens
Stores sperm
13
Q
Non-inflammatory Prostatitis
A
Category IIIB
13
Q
Composition of the spermatic cord
A
Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Veins
13
Q
Chronic bacterial prostatitis
A
Category II
14
Q
Formed by the union of the duct from the seminal vesicle ejaculatory duct
A
Shared terminal for reproductive and urinary system
14
Q
Inflammatory Chronic Prostatitis
A
Category IIIA
14
Q
Inflammation of the prostate gland
A
Prostatitis
14
Q
Acute bacterial prostatitis
A
Category I
14
Q
Pathogens of prostatitis
A
E. Coli
Pseudomonads
Staph
Strep
15
Asymptomatic Inflammatory Prostatitis
Category IV
15
A category of prostatitis that presents with ED
Category II, IIIA, IIIB
15
Medications for BPH
5-a-reductase inhibitors
a-adrenergic blockers
antimuscarinics
16
An age-related non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
16
Dietary risk factors of BPH
Milk and dairy products
16
When is it considered BPH?
When prostatic volume is greater than 30 mL
16
Inflammation of the Epididymis
Epididymitis
16
Risk factors of BPH
Age > 50 y/o
PSA > 1.4
PV > 30 mL
Intl Prostate Symptom Score > 8
16
Clinical manifestations of BPH
Nocturia
Urinary frequency
Urinary urgency
Weakened stream
17
CM of Orchitis
Testicular pain and tenderness
Swelling
Unilateral scrotal pain radiating to the groin
Fever and Malaise
17
CM of Epididymitis
Gradual onset of pain over 24 hrs
U/L scrotal pain
Urinary frequency, urgency, Dysuria
18
Inflammation of the testis
Orchitis
18
Cause of Orchitis
Viral or bacterial infection
18
Pathogenesis of Orchitis
Often secondary to UTI
19
Types of Epididymitis
Sexually transmitted
Non-sexually transmitted
20
Provide a route for sperm to reach an ovum and transport secondary oocytes from ovaries to uterus
Uterine tubes/Fallopian tubes/Oviducts
20
Another name for ED
Impotence
20
Grading of ED
0-3: Severe
4-6: Moderate
7-8: Mild
20
S/Sx of sexually transmitted Epididymitis
Concurrent urethritis
Urethral discharge
20
Inability to achieve, keep, or sustain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance
Erectile Dysfunction
21
CM of ED
Need more physical stimulation for erection
Less firm erections
Longer time to reach orgasm
Decresed force of ejacuation
21
Risk factors of ED
Men > 50 y/o
Smoking
DM
Hyperlipidemia
Hypothyroidism
CAD
PVD
21
Female gonads which are paired glands that resemble unshelled almonds in size and shape
Ovaries
21
Ligaments that hold the ovaries in position
Broad ligament
Ovarian ligament
Suspensory ligament
21
Uterus is aka
Womb
21
PT Tx for ED
Pelvic floor muscle strengthening
22
What do ovaries produce
Gametes
Hormones
22
Site of implantation of a fertilized ovum, development of the fetus, and labor
Uterus
22
Serves as part of the pathway for sperm deposited in the vagina
Uterus
22
Anatomical subdivision of the uterus
Fundus
Body
Cervix
22
Layers of the uterus
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
23
The external genitalia of the female reproductive system
Vulva
23
Function of the vulva
Acts as a protective barrier for the internal reproductive organs
23
Length of vagina
10 cm (4in)
23
A normal consequence of aging that marks the end of a woman's productive years
Menopause
23
A concurrent series of changes in the endometrium of the uterus to prepare it for the arrival of a fertilized ovum
Menstrual cycle
23
Functions of mammary glands
synthesis, secretion, and ejection of milk
23
Location of vagina
Situated between the urinary bladder and the rectum
24
A series of events in the ovaries that occur during and after the maturation of an oocyte
Ovarian cycle
24
Cause of menopause
Progressive reduction of estrogen production
24
time period between when a woman experiences initial reduction in ovarian function when she reaches menpopause
Menopause transition
24
Physiologic changes of menopause
Decrease in ovarian follicles
Reproductive sensescence
Decrease in GH secretions
Decrease in estrogen
24
Diamond-shaped area medial to the thighs and buttocks of both males and females
Perineum
24
Years in a woman's life following menopause
Postmenopause
24
Cessation of menses before age 40
Premature ovarian failure
25
Criteria to diagnose menopause
1 full year without menstruation
25
Surgical removal of the ovaries
Surgical menopause
25
PID commonly causes
Infertility
Chronic pain
Pregnancy
26
The infection and inflammation of the female upper genital tract
Pelvic Inflammatory Dse
26
CM of Menopause
Temporal changes in menstrual cycle
Anovulation
Vaginal dryness and discomfort
Frequency of vaginal and bladder infection increases
26
Cause of PID
Neisseria somorrhocae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Anaerobic and mycoplasma bacteria
27
A procedure to scrape and collect the tissue from inside the uterus
Dilation and Crettage
28
Widening of the cervix to allow the instruments into the uterus
Dilation
28
CM of PID
Vaginal bleeding and discharge
Burning sensation upon urination
Fever or chills
Nausea or vomiting
Dyspareunia
28
Scraping of the contents of the uterus
Curettage
28
An estrogen-dependent disorder defined by the presence of an endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Endometriosis
28
CM of Endometriosis
Dysmenorrhea
Dyspareneuria
Pain upon defecation
28
Metaplasia of the mesothelium
Meyer's theory
28
Risk factors for Endometriosis
Low birth weight
Consumption of red meat and trans fat
Menstrual period longer than 7 days
28
Complications of PID
Chronic pelvic pain
Infertility
Ectopal or tubal pregnancy
29
Three primary pathologic types of Endometriosis
Red or petechial implants
Brown or immediate implants
Black or brown powder-burn implants
29
Chief complaint in Endometriosis when the implants are on the uterosacral ligaments
Dysmenorhhea
29
Painful intercourse
Dyspareunia
29
Medications for Endometriosis
Leuprolide (Lupron)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Danazol
30
A synthetic male hormone that inhibits that monthly sure of LH thus, reducing estrogen production and influences the way estrogen affects endometriosis
Danazol
31
Loss of support in the bladder and urethra resulting in the falling of the urinary bladder
Cystocele
32
Clinical presentation of Cystocele
Bulging of the anterior vaginal wall into the vagina
33
Loss of support of the rectum resulting into the falling of the rectum
Rectocele
34
Clinical presentation of Rectocele
Bulging of the posterior vaginal wall into the vagina
35
The fall of uterus into the vagina
Uterine prolapse
36
Bladder and urethra prolapse into the vagina
Cystourethrocele
37
The urethra prolapses into the vagina
Urethrocele
38
Part of the intestine prolapses into the space between the vagina and the rectum
Enterocele
39
Anal and rectal canal folds over and falls out of the rectum
Rectal prolapse
40
Apex of the vagina prolapses
Vaginal Vault prolapse
41
A simple pelvic examination tool used by most gynecologists
Baden Walker
42
A pelvic examination that involves a complex set of measurements to map the shape of the vaginal walls
POPQ
42
Baden Walker Grading: Normal position
Grade 0
43
Baden Walker Grading: Descent halfway to the hymen
Grade 1
44
Baden Walker Grading: Descent to the hymen
Grade 2
45
Baden Walker Grading: Descent past the hymen
Grade 3
46
Baden Walker Grading: Maximum possible descent
Grade 4
47
Different types of cyst in an Ovarian Cystic Disease
Functional cyst
Endometrial cyst
Neoplastic cysts
Cysts from PCOS
47
A disorder marked by the presence of multiple cysts. It is a hormonal disorder affecting premenopausal women
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
47
CM of PCOS
Weight gain and obesity
Severe acne
Infertility
Menstrual problems
