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Integ > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Sperm route

A

Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra

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2
Q

Accessory sex glands of the male reproductive system

A

Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Bulbourethral glands

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3
Q

Supporting structures of the male reproductive system

A

Penis
Scrotum

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4
Q

Function of accessory glands

A

Produce substances that protect the gametes and facilitate their movement

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5
Q

Function of supporting structures

A

Assist in delivery of gametes

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6
Q

Pouch that supports the testes

A

Scrotum

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7
Q

Median ridge that separates the scrotum into lateral portions

A

Raphe

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8
Q

Composed of smooth muscle fibers found in the subcutaneous layer of the Scrotum

A

Dartos muscle

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8
Q

Divides the scrotum into two compartments

A

Scrotal septum

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9
Q

Collection of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis

A

Hydrocele

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10
Q

Small bands of skeletal muscle that descends as an extension of the internal oblique muscle through the speramtic cord

A

Cremaster muscle

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10
Q

Partially covers the testest

A

Tunica Vaginalis

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11
Q

Divides the testest into little compartments

A

Tunica albuginea

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12
Q

Site of sperm maturation

A

Epididymis

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12
Q

The process by which the seminiferous tubules produce sperm

A

Spermatogenesis

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13
Q

Functions of epididymis

A

Propel sperm to vas deferens
Stores sperm

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13
Q

Non-inflammatory Prostatitis

A

Category IIIB

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13
Q

Composition of the spermatic cord

A

Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Veins

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13
Q

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

A

Category II

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14
Q

Formed by the union of the duct from the seminal vesicle ejaculatory duct

A

Shared terminal for reproductive and urinary system

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14
Q

Inflammatory Chronic Prostatitis

A

Category IIIA

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14
Q

Inflammation of the prostate gland

A

Prostatitis

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14
Q

Acute bacterial prostatitis

A

Category I

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14
Q

Pathogens of prostatitis

A

E. Coli
Pseudomonads
Staph
Strep

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15
Q

Asymptomatic Inflammatory Prostatitis

A

Category IV

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15
Q

A category of prostatitis that presents with ED

A

Category II, IIIA, IIIB

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15
Q

Medications for BPH

A

5-a-reductase inhibitors
a-adrenergic blockers
antimuscarinics

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16
Q

An age-related non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland.

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

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16
Q

Dietary risk factors of BPH

A

Milk and dairy products

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16
Q

When is it considered BPH?

A

When prostatic volume is greater than 30 mL

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16
Q

Inflammation of the Epididymis

A

Epididymitis

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16
Q

Risk factors of BPH

A

Age > 50 y/o
PSA > 1.4
PV > 30 mL
Intl Prostate Symptom Score > 8

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16
Q

Clinical manifestations of BPH

A

Nocturia
Urinary frequency
Urinary urgency
Weakened stream

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17
Q

CM of Orchitis

A

Testicular pain and tenderness
Swelling
Unilateral scrotal pain radiating to the groin
Fever and Malaise

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17
Q

CM of Epididymitis

A

Gradual onset of pain over 24 hrs
U/L scrotal pain
Urinary frequency, urgency, Dysuria

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18
Q

Inflammation of the testis

A

Orchitis

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18
Q

Cause of Orchitis

A

Viral or bacterial infection

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18
Q

Pathogenesis of Orchitis

A

Often secondary to UTI

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19
Q

Types of Epididymitis

A

Sexually transmitted
Non-sexually transmitted

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20
Q

Provide a route for sperm to reach an ovum and transport secondary oocytes from ovaries to uterus

A

Uterine tubes/Fallopian tubes/Oviducts

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20
Q

Another name for ED

A

Impotence

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20
Q

Grading of ED

A

0-3: Severe
4-6: Moderate
7-8: Mild

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20
Q

S/Sx of sexually transmitted Epididymitis

A

Concurrent urethritis
Urethral discharge

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20
Q

Inability to achieve, keep, or sustain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance

A

Erectile Dysfunction

21
Q

CM of ED

A

Need more physical stimulation for erection
Less firm erections
Longer time to reach orgasm
Decresed force of ejacuation

21
Q

Risk factors of ED

A

Men > 50 y/o
Smoking
DM
Hyperlipidemia
Hypothyroidism
CAD
PVD

21
Q

Female gonads which are paired glands that resemble unshelled almonds in size and shape

A

Ovaries

21
Q

Ligaments that hold the ovaries in position

A

Broad ligament
Ovarian ligament
Suspensory ligament

21
Q

Uterus is aka

A

Womb

21
Q

PT Tx for ED

A

Pelvic floor muscle strengthening

22
Q

What do ovaries produce

A

Gametes
Hormones

22
Q

Site of implantation of a fertilized ovum, development of the fetus, and labor

A

Uterus

22
Q

Serves as part of the pathway for sperm deposited in the vagina

A

Uterus

22
Q

Anatomical subdivision of the uterus

A

Fundus
Body
Cervix

22
Q

Layers of the uterus

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

23
Q

The external genitalia of the female reproductive system

A

Vulva

23
Q

Function of the vulva

A

Acts as a protective barrier for the internal reproductive organs

23
Q

Length of vagina

A

10 cm (4in)

23
Q

A normal consequence of aging that marks the end of a woman’s productive years

A

Menopause

23
Q

A concurrent series of changes in the endometrium of the uterus to prepare it for the arrival of a fertilized ovum

A

Menstrual cycle

23
Q

Functions of mammary glands

A

synthesis, secretion, and ejection of milk

23
Q

Location of vagina

A

Situated between the urinary bladder and the rectum

24
Q

A series of events in the ovaries that occur during and after the maturation of an oocyte

A

Ovarian cycle

24
Q

Cause of menopause

A

Progressive reduction of estrogen production

24
Q

time period between when a woman experiences initial reduction in ovarian function when she reaches menpopause

A

Menopause transition

24
Q

Physiologic changes of menopause

A

Decrease in ovarian follicles
Reproductive sensescence
Decrease in GH secretions
Decrease in estrogen

24
Q

Diamond-shaped area medial to the thighs and buttocks of both males and females

A

Perineum

24
Q

Years in a woman’s life following menopause

A

Postmenopause

24
Q

Cessation of menses before age 40

A

Premature ovarian failure

25
Q

Criteria to diagnose menopause

A

1 full year without menstruation

25
Q

Surgical removal of the ovaries

A

Surgical menopause

25
Q

PID commonly causes

A

Infertility
Chronic pain
Pregnancy

26
Q

The infection and inflammation of the female upper genital tract

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Dse

26
Q

CM of Menopause

A

Temporal changes in menstrual cycle
Anovulation
Vaginal dryness and discomfort
Frequency of vaginal and bladder infection increases

26
Q

Cause of PID

A

Neisseria somorrhocae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Anaerobic and mycoplasma bacteria

27
Q

A procedure to scrape and collect the tissue from inside the uterus

A

Dilation and Crettage

28
Q

Widening of the cervix to allow the instruments into the uterus

A

Dilation

28
Q

CM of PID

A

Vaginal bleeding and discharge
Burning sensation upon urination
Fever or chills
Nausea or vomiting
Dyspareunia

28
Q

Scraping of the contents of the uterus

A

Curettage

28
Q

An estrogen-dependent disorder defined by the presence of an endometrial tissue outside the uterus

A

Endometriosis

28
Q

CM of Endometriosis

A

Dysmenorrhea
Dyspareneuria
Pain upon defecation

28
Q

Metaplasia of the mesothelium

A

Meyer’s theory

28
Q

Risk factors for Endometriosis

A

Low birth weight
Consumption of red meat and trans fat
Menstrual period longer than 7 days

28
Q

Complications of PID

A

Chronic pelvic pain
Infertility
Ectopal or tubal pregnancy

29
Q

Three primary pathologic types of Endometriosis

A

Red or petechial implants
Brown or immediate implants
Black or brown powder-burn implants

29
Q

Chief complaint in Endometriosis when the implants are on the uterosacral ligaments

A

Dysmenorhhea

29
Q

Painful intercourse

A

Dyspareunia

29
Q

Medications for Endometriosis

A

Leuprolide (Lupron)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Danazol

30
Q

A synthetic male hormone that inhibits that monthly sure of LH thus, reducing estrogen production and influences the way estrogen affects endometriosis

A

Danazol

31
Q

Loss of support in the bladder and urethra resulting in the falling of the urinary bladder

A

Cystocele

32
Q

Clinical presentation of Cystocele

A

Bulging of the anterior vaginal wall into the vagina

33
Q

Loss of support of the rectum resulting into the falling of the rectum

A

Rectocele

34
Q

Clinical presentation of Rectocele

A

Bulging of the posterior vaginal wall into the vagina

35
Q

The fall of uterus into the vagina

A

Uterine prolapse

36
Q

Bladder and urethra prolapse into the vagina

A

Cystourethrocele

37
Q

The urethra prolapses into the vagina

A

Urethrocele

38
Q

Part of the intestine prolapses into the space between the vagina and the rectum

A

Enterocele

39
Q

Anal and rectal canal folds over and falls out of the rectum

A

Rectal prolapse

40
Q

Apex of the vagina prolapses

A

Vaginal Vault prolapse

41
Q

A simple pelvic examination tool used by most gynecologists

A

Baden Walker

42
Q

A pelvic examination that involves a complex set of measurements to map the shape of the vaginal walls

A

POPQ

42
Q

Baden Walker Grading: Normal position

A

Grade 0

43
Q

Baden Walker Grading: Descent halfway to the hymen

A

Grade 1

44
Q

Baden Walker Grading: Descent to the hymen

A

Grade 2

45
Q

Baden Walker Grading: Descent past the hymen

A

Grade 3

46
Q

Baden Walker Grading: Maximum possible descent

A

Grade 4

47
Q

Different types of cyst in an Ovarian Cystic Disease

A

Functional cyst
Endometrial cyst
Neoplastic cysts
Cysts from PCOS

47
Q

A disorder marked by the presence of multiple cysts. It is a hormonal disorder affecting premenopausal women

A

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

47
Q

CM of PCOS

A

Weight gain and obesity
Severe acne
Infertility
Menstrual problems

Integ (10 decks)

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