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PANCE Review > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

most common gynecologic malignancy in the US

A

endometrial carcinoma

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2
Q

most common type of endometrial cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

most common presenting symptom of endometrial cancer

A

postmenopausal bleeding

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4
Q

condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are present outside the endometrial cavity

A

endometriosis

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5
Q

definitive diagnostic tool for endometriosis

A

laparoscopic exam with biopsy

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6
Q

sharp, exquisitely tender barb on uterosacral ligament is diagnostic for

A

endometriosis

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7
Q

endometrial tissue within the myometrium

A

adenomyosis

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8
Q

exam findings consistent with adenomyosis

A

tender, symmetrically enlarged, boggy uterus

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9
Q

most common indication for a hysterectomy

A

leiomyoma (uterine fibroid)

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10
Q

bimanual exam findings consistent with a leiomyoma

A

irregular contoured, hard, enlarged uterus

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11
Q

sagging of the uterus into the vagina

A

uterine prolapse

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12
Q

posterior bladder wall protrudes into anterior vagina

A

cystocele

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13
Q

upper posterior vagina protrudes into the upper vagina, usually after a hysterectomy

A

enterocoele

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14
Q

distal sigmoid colon bulges into posterior distal vagina

A

rectocele

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15
Q

most common ovarian growths

A

functional ovarian cysts

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16
Q

Risk factors for ovarian cancer

A

older, nulliparous, white, family history of GYN cancer

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17
Q

sister mary joseph nodule

A

metastatic implant in the umbilicus, indicative of ovarian cancer

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18
Q

bimanual exam findings that could indicate ovarian cancer

A

solid, irregular, fixed mass on overies

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19
Q

tumor marker for ovarian cancer

A

CA-125

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20
Q

HPV types linked to cervical cancer

A

HPV 16, 18, 31, and 33

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21
Q

at what age to pap smears begin

A

21

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22
Q

treatment of chlamydia cervicitis

A

Azithromycin 1 gram PO

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23
Q

treatment of gonorrhea cervicitis

A

Rocephin IM and Azithromycin

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24
Q

chandelier sign is diagnostic for…

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

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25
Q

treatment for PID

A

rocephin, doxy and flagyl

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26
Q

uterine, cervical or adnexal tenderness to palpation and motion

A

Chandelier sign

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27
Q

most common type of vulvar cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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28
Q

most common symptom of vaginal or vulvar cancer

A

pruritus - often postmenopausal

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29
Q

thin, white discharge with a foul odor and a vaginal pH > 4.5 (alkaline)

A

Bacterial vaginosis

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30
Q

treatment of bacterial vaginosis

A

metronidazole

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31
Q

frothy discharge with a bad odor, vulvar pruritus and a high vaginal pH

A

trichomonas

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32
Q

treatment of trichomonas

A

metronidazole

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33
Q

strawberry cervix can be seen in which infections

A

trichomonas, chlamydia

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34
Q

thick white cottage cheese discharge with a low vaginal pH

A

candida infection

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35
Q

treatment of vaginal candida infection

A

fluconazole

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36
Q

clue cells =

A

BV

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37
Q

budding yeast and hyphea =

A

candidiasis

38
Q

motile trichomonads =

A

trichomonas

39
Q

HPV types that cause genital warts

A

6 and 11

40
Q

never menstruated by age 16

A

primary amenorrhea

41
Q

not had a menses for the past 6 months in a woman who has a history of irregular menses

A

secondary amenorrhea

42
Q

most common cause of secondary amenorrhea

A

pregnancy

43
Q

lab findings for amenorrhea due to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction

A

FSH and LH are low

44
Q

lab findings for amenorrhea due to ovarial failure

A

FSH and LH are high

45
Q

physical, mood and behavior changes associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve after the start of menses

A

PMS

46
Q

cessation of menses for one eyar

A

menopause

47
Q

average age of menopause

A

51.5 years

48
Q

Lab findings consistent with menopause

A

FSH greater than 30

49
Q

treatment of menopausal symptoms

A

HRT with estrogen and progesterone

50
Q

which patients can get estrogen only HRT postmenopausal

A

patients without a uterus

51
Q

most common malignancy in women

A

breast cancer

52
Q

most common of all benign breast conditions

A

fibrocystic disorder

53
Q

smooth, well-circumscribed rubbery breast lumps that are non-tender and mobile - DX?

A

fibroadenoma

54
Q

lactating woman with fever, chills, breast pain, erythema and tendernes

A

mastitis

55
Q

most common organism to cause mastitis

A

S. aureus

56
Q

test of choice in a patient with galactorrhea who is not pregnant

A

prolactin – if elevated prolactinoma is cause

57
Q

failure to conceive following one year of regular, unprotected intercourse

A

infertility

58
Q

first test when investigating infertility

A

semen analysis

59
Q

bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia

A

chadwick’s sign - early pregnancy

60
Q

softening of the uterine isthmus

A

Hegar’s sign - pregnancy

61
Q

softening of the cervix

A

goodell sign

62
Q

aminoglycosides causes which teratogenic effects

A

ototoxicity

63
Q

tetracyclines causes which teratogenic effects

A

fetal teeth and bone abnormalities

64
Q

lithium causes which teratogenic effects

A

congenital heart disease

65
Q

nagele’s rule

A

first day of LMP plus 7 days minus 3 months

66
Q

at what weeks of pregnancy is the glucose tolerance test given

A

24-28 weeks

67
Q

when is RH immune globulin given during pregnancy

A

28 weeks and within 72 hours of childbirth

68
Q

when is group B strep tested for in pregnancy

A

after 32 weeks

69
Q

onset of labor to full dialtion of cervix

A

stage one of labor

70
Q

complete dilation of cervix through delivery of infant

A

2nd stage of labor

71
Q

begins after delivery of infant and ends with delivery of placenta

A

3rd stage of labor

72
Q

immediate postpartum period of approximately two hours after delivery of placenta

A

fourth stage of labor

73
Q

during which stage of labor has the highest likelihood of serious complications

A

4th stage of labor

74
Q

treatment for incompetent cervix

A

cerclage

75
Q

pregnant patient with vaginal bleeding and cramping but a closed cervical os

A

threatened AB

76
Q

pregnant patient with vaginal bleeding and cramping with a dilated cervical os

A

inevitable abortion

77
Q

pregnant patient with vaginal bleeding and a dilated cervical os who has only passed some products of conception

A

incomplete abortion

78
Q

all products of conception are expelled prior to 20 weeks

A

complete abortion

79
Q

embryo is not viable but is retained in utero for at least 6 weeks

A

missed abortion

80
Q

implantation of fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity

A

ectopic pregnancy

81
Q

development of HTN with protinuria or edema during pregnancy

A

preeclampsia

82
Q

presence of convulsions in woman who has met criteria for preeclampsia

A

eclampsia

83
Q

treatment for eclampsia

A

delivery

84
Q

hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets and hypertension during pregnancy

A

HELP syndrome

85
Q

medical treatment for gestational DM

A

insulin

86
Q

Values consistent with GDN after 1 hr GTT

A

> 130

87
Q

abnormal placement of placenta over cervical os, presents with painless bleeding

A

placenta previa

88
Q

premature separation of the placenta from uterine wall, presents with painful vaginal bleeding

A

abruptio placenta

89
Q

maneuver used for shoulder dystocia

A

McRoberts maneuver

90
Q

first line treatment in postpartum hemorrhage

A

uterine massage

PANCE Review (9 decks)

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