Dermatology Flashcards
1
Q
rough, sandpapery patch in chronic sun-exposed areas
A
actinic keratosis (AK is NOT OK)
2
Q
treatment of actinic keratosis
A
liquid nitrogen, 5-FU, imiquimod
3
Q
Most common skin cancer
A
basal cell carcinoma
4
Q
pearly, translucent lesion with a rolled boarder, may have a central scab/erosion
A
basal cell carcinoma
5
Q
treatment of basal cell carcinoma
A
excision, mohs surgery
6
Q
red, scaly papule or plaque that is in a sun exposed area. May look like localized eczema but does not itch, may also have a nonhealing ulcer
A
squamous cell carcinoma
7
Q
treatment of squamous cell carcinoma
A
excision
8
Q
ABCDEs of melanoma
A
A - asymmetry B - borders C - color D - diameter E - elevation, evolution
9
Q
what is the best way to diagnose melanoma
A
excisional biopsy
10
Q
treatment of melanoma
A
excision with adequate margins
11
Q
lesion that appears stuck on and velvety
A
seborrheic keratosis (SK are OK)
12
Q
treatment of seborrheic keratosis
A
none, liquid nitrogen, shave removal
13
Q
topical medications used for comedomal acne
A
retinoids, benzol peroxide, salicylic acids, antibiotics
14
Q
patient blushes with certain triggers like smoking or cold weather, telangectasias are present
A
rosacea
15
Q
most common organism that causes folliculitis
A
S. aureus
16
Q
most common organism associated with hot tub folliculitis
A
pseudomonas
17
Q
papules and pustules in a follicular distribution
A
folliculitis
18
Q
eczema or acne-like lesions only appearing around the mouth
A
perioral dermatitis
19
Q
common cause of perioral dermatitis
A
corticosteroid use on the face
20
Q
double open comedomes, boil like lesions and scaring mainly in axilla and groin
A
hidradenitis suppertiva
21
Q
treatment of hidradenitis suppertiva
A
weight loss, avoid friction, antibacterial cleaners, corticosteroid injections for flares
22
Q
honey-colored crusting
A
impetigo
23
Q
organism most commonly causing impertigo
A
S. aureus
24
Q
treatment for impetigo
A
mupirocin
25
organisms commonly causing cellulitis
staph or strep
26
warm erythematous lesion with sharply demarcated raised borders
erysipelas
27
treatment for erysipelas
penicillin and erythromycin
28
treatment for furuncles
warm compress, I&D
29
pearly umbilicated papules
molluscum contagiosum
30
vesicles grouped on an erythematous base, unilateral, in a dermatomal pattern
herpes zoster
31
scaly patches and plaques that do not tan in the sun
tinea vesicolor
32
treatment of tinea vesicolor
topical azoles
33
beefy red lesions with satellite papules
candida
34
treatment of candida
topical nystatin or azoles, dry environment and zinc oxide
35
lower leg lesion that is purple in color and has swelling and pitting edema
stasis dermatitis
36
treatment of stasis dermatitis
stockings, elevation, weight loss
37
greasy scale that is orange or red in color, often on scalp and face
seborrheic dermatitis
38
treatment for seborrheic dermatitis
ketaconazole shampoo
39
papule that is purple, planar, polygonal and pruritic
lichen planus (5 Ps)
40
treatment for lichen planus
corticosteroids
41
rash that starts with a herald patch and then breaks out in smaller lesions in a christmas tree pattern
pityriasis rosea
42
erythematous plaques with silvery scale
psoriasis
43
what should you not prescribe to someone with psoriasis
systemic corticosteroids
44
target lesions
erythema multiforme
45
percent epidermal detachement in SJS
<10%
46
treatment of SJS
systemic steroids, supportive care, pain relief, stop causative agent
47
percent epidermal detachement in TEN
>30%
48
well circumscribed area of hair loss, no scarring, exclamation point hairs
alopecia areata
49
which other medical conditions are associated with alopecia areata
Hashimoto's and pernicious anemia
50
treatments for androgenetic alopecia
minoxidil, hair weaves, transplants
51
onychomoysosis on fingernails should be treated for ____ weeks
6 weeks with lamisil
52
onychomoyosis on toenails should be treated for ____ weeks
12 weeks with lamisil
53
acute paronychia is usually caused by which organism
S. aureus
54
chronic paronychia is usually caused by which organism
Candida
55
patient with itchy scalp and nits
lice
56
treatment for lice
permethrin
57
treatment for lice that has a risk of seizures
lindane
58
itchy papules/nodules in the web spaces of the fingers
scabies
59
treatment of scabies
permethrin
60
symptoms associated with a black widow bite
swelling, generalized pain, dizziness, headache, sweating, N/V
61
blue gray, cyanotic pastule or vesicle and severe pain about 4 hours after this spider bite
brown recluse
62
Burn classification: damage to only epidermis, redness and tenderness, no blistering
first degree
63
Burn classification: involves epidermis and superficial dermis layers, thin walled blisters present
second degree
64
Burn classification: destroys dermis and epidermis, skin white and leathery
third degree
65
Burn classification: full thickness of skin, and damage to subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone
fourth degree
66
analgesic of choice for burns
morphine
67
thick, velvety plaques in neck or axillae
acanthosis nigricans
68
treatment for melasma
hydroquinones
69
palpable purpura that is non-blanching
vasculitis
70
must have two negative pregnancy test prior to starting this medication
isotretinoin
71
bacteria commonly associated with acne
propionibacterium acnes
72
What dermatologic condition may cause rhinophyma?
rosacea
73
nikolsky sign
skin peels away in sheets when touched
74
complication of SJS
vision loss
75
complication of TEN
diffuse interstitial pneumonitis
76
exclamation point hair is a sign of...
alopecia areata
77
most common cause of hair loss in woman
androgenetic alopecia
78
most common organism to cause onychomyosis of the toenail
trichophytom rubrum
79
When a patient is on a long dose or oral anti-fungal medication what labs need to be monitored?
LFTs
80
superficial infection of lateral and posterior skin folds of nail bed
paronychia
81
most common organism to cause chronic paronychia
candida
82
most common organism to cause acute paronychia
S. aureus
83
organism common in cat bites and abx to treat it
Pasturella multocida - augmentin
84
erythema infectiosum is causative organism
parvovirus B19
85
other name for erythema infectiosum
fifth disease
86
slapped cheek rash on face, lacy rash on extremeties
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
87
erythema infectiosum may cause _____ in a patient with sickle cell disease
aplastic crisis
88
hand foot and mouth disease is caused by which organism
coxsackievirus
89
how is hand foot and mouth disease spread
direct contact with saliva or mucus
90
causative agent of measles
paramyxovirus
91
other name for measles
rubeola
92
how is measles transmitted
respiratory droplets
93
patient with cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis that later develops koplik spots and a morbilliform rash - DX?
measles (Rubeola)
94
how long must a patient isolate when diagnosed with measles
1 week after the rash
95
Vaccine schedule from measles
MMR shot is given at 12-15 months and then at 4-6 years
96
antibiotic needed to treat a puncture wound
cipro - for pseudomonal coverage
97
most common organism to cause erysipelas
S. pyogens (beta hemolytic)
98
treatment for erysipelas
penicillin (erytho or clinda if allergy)
99
most common opportunistic infection
candidiasis
100
white lesions in mouth that bleed when scraped off
oral thrush
101
treatment of oral thrush
nystatin
102
organism that causes Tinea versicolor
malassezia furfur
103
HPV viruses that cause condyloma acuminatum
6 and 11
104
blanching dendritic lesions in the eye
keratoconjunctivitis (HSV in the eye)
105
positive HSV result on a Tzanck smear
multinucleated giant cells
106
dome shaped lesions with a central umbilication
molluscum contaginosum
107
hutchinson's sign
shingles on the tip of the nose - concerning for eye involvement
108
vaccine schedule for varicella
12-15 months and 4-6 years
109
age recommended for zoster vaccine
50 yo
110
lesion that is a precursor for squamous cell carcinoma
actinic keratosis
111
AIDs defining cancer, macular, papular nodules that are brown/red
kaposi sarcoma
112
most common type of melanoma
superficial spreading
113
Lichen planus is associated with which type of hepatitis?
hepatitis C
114
well demarcated erythematous plaque with silver scaling, patient may also complain of joint pain
psoriasis
115
auspitz sign
bleeds when the scale is picked
116
koebner's phenomenon
minor trauma causes new lesion
117
hyper-pigmented area of sun exposed skin that are usually due to an increase in eczema
melasma
118
milk white lesion under woods lamp
vitiligo
119
contraindications for wound closure
bites, deep puncture wounds, tension , active bleeding
120
most common areas for pressure ulcers
hip and sacrum
121
how are pressure ulcers prevented
repositioning every 2 hours
122
patient with chronic venous insufficiency with a hyper-pigmented, erythematous, scaly plaque on their lower extremities
stasis dermatitis
123
pruritic, tense, symmetric, bullae or urticarial plaques
bullus pemphigoid
124
velvety, hyper-pigmented, hyperkertotic plaques
acanthosis nigricans
125
recurrent inflammatory nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts and complex scar formation
hidradenitis suppruativa
126
slippage sign is found on physical exam of which DX?
lipoma
127
abscess or sinus tract in the upper part of natal cleft
pilonidal disease
128
Darier's sign
urticaria appearing where skin is rubbed
129
clear, deep seated vesicles typically on palms of hands, looks like tapioca
dyshidrosis
