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PANCE Review > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

rough, sandpapery patch in chronic sun-exposed areas

A

actinic keratosis (AK is NOT OK)

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2
Q

treatment of actinic keratosis

A

liquid nitrogen, 5-FU, imiquimod

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3
Q

Most common skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma

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4
Q

pearly, translucent lesion with a rolled boarder, may have a central scab/erosion

A

basal cell carcinoma

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5
Q

treatment of basal cell carcinoma

A

excision, mohs surgery

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6
Q

red, scaly papule or plaque that is in a sun exposed area. May look like localized eczema but does not itch, may also have a nonhealing ulcer

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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7
Q

treatment of squamous cell carcinoma

A

excision

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8
Q

ABCDEs of melanoma

A 
A -  asymmetry
B - borders 
C - color
D - diameter 
E - elevation, evolution
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9
Q

what is the best way to diagnose melanoma

A

excisional biopsy

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10
Q

treatment of melanoma

A

excision with adequate margins

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11
Q

lesion that appears stuck on and velvety

A

seborrheic keratosis (SK are OK)

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12
Q

treatment of seborrheic keratosis

A

none, liquid nitrogen, shave removal

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13
Q

topical medications used for comedomal acne

A

retinoids, benzol peroxide, salicylic acids, antibiotics

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14
Q

patient blushes with certain triggers like smoking or cold weather, telangectasias are present

A

rosacea

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15
Q

most common organism that causes folliculitis

A

S. aureus

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16
Q

most common organism associated with hot tub folliculitis

A

pseudomonas

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17
Q

papules and pustules in a follicular distribution

A

folliculitis

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18
Q

eczema or acne-like lesions only appearing around the mouth

A

perioral dermatitis

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19
Q

common cause of perioral dermatitis

A

corticosteroid use on the face

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20
Q

double open comedomes, boil like lesions and scaring mainly in axilla and groin

A

hidradenitis suppertiva

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21
Q

treatment of hidradenitis suppertiva

A

weight loss, avoid friction, antibacterial cleaners, corticosteroid injections for flares

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22
Q

honey-colored crusting

A

impetigo

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23
Q

organism most commonly causing impertigo

A

S. aureus

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24
Q

treatment for impetigo

A

mupirocin

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25
Q

organisms commonly causing cellulitis

A

staph or strep

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26
Q

warm erythematous lesion with sharply demarcated raised borders

A

erysipelas

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27
Q

treatment for erysipelas

A

penicillin and erythromycin

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28
Q

treatment for furuncles

A

warm compress, I&D

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29
Q

pearly umbilicated papules

A

molluscum contagiosum

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30
Q

vesicles grouped on an erythematous base, unilateral, in a dermatomal pattern

A

herpes zoster

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31
Q

scaly patches and plaques that do not tan in the sun

A

tinea vesicolor

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32
Q

treatment of tinea vesicolor

A

topical azoles

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33
Q

beefy red lesions with satellite papules

A

candida

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34
Q

treatment of candida

A

topical nystatin or azoles, dry environment and zinc oxide

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35
Q

lower leg lesion that is purple in color and has swelling and pitting edema

A

stasis dermatitis

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36
Q

treatment of stasis dermatitis

A

stockings, elevation, weight loss

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37
Q

greasy scale that is orange or red in color, often on scalp and face

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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38
Q

treatment for seborrheic dermatitis

A

ketaconazole shampoo

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39
Q

papule that is purple, planar, polygonal and pruritic

A

lichen planus (5 Ps)

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40
Q

treatment for lichen planus

A

corticosteroids

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41
Q

rash that starts with a herald patch and then breaks out in smaller lesions in a christmas tree pattern

A

pityriasis rosea

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42
Q

erythematous plaques with silvery scale

A

psoriasis

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43
Q

what should you not prescribe to someone with psoriasis

A

systemic corticosteroids

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44
Q

target lesions

A

erythema multiforme

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45
Q

percent epidermal detachement in SJS

A

<10%

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46
Q

treatment of SJS

A

systemic steroids, supportive care, pain relief, stop causative agent

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47
Q

percent epidermal detachement in TEN

A

> 30%

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48
Q

well circumscribed area of hair loss, no scarring, exclamation point hairs

A

alopecia areata

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49
Q

which other medical conditions are associated with alopecia areata

A

Hashimoto’s and pernicious anemia

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50
Q

treatments for androgenetic alopecia

A

minoxidil, hair weaves, transplants

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51
Q

onychomoysosis on fingernails should be treated for ____ weeks

A

6 weeks with lamisil

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52
Q

onychomoyosis on toenails should be treated for ____ weeks

A

12 weeks with lamisil

53
Q

acute paronychia is usually caused by which organism

A

S. aureus

54
Q

chronic paronychia is usually caused by which organism

A

Candida

55
Q

patient with itchy scalp and nits

A

lice

56
Q

treatment for lice

A

permethrin

57
Q

treatment for lice that has a risk of seizures

A

lindane

58
Q

itchy papules/nodules in the web spaces of the fingers

A

scabies

59
Q

treatment of scabies

A

permethrin

60
Q

symptoms associated with a black widow bite

A

swelling, generalized pain, dizziness, headache, sweating, N/V

61
Q

blue gray, cyanotic pastule or vesicle and severe pain about 4 hours after this spider bite

A

brown recluse

62
Q

Burn classification: damage to only epidermis, redness and tenderness, no blistering

A

first degree

63
Q

Burn classification: involves epidermis and superficial dermis layers, thin walled blisters present

A

second degree

64
Q

Burn classification: destroys dermis and epidermis, skin white and leathery

A

third degree

65
Q

Burn classification: full thickness of skin, and damage to subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone

A

fourth degree

66
Q

analgesic of choice for burns

A

morphine

67
Q

thick, velvety plaques in neck or axillae

A

acanthosis nigricans

68
Q

treatment for melasma

A

hydroquinones

69
Q

palpable purpura that is non-blanching

A

vasculitis

70
Q

must have two negative pregnancy test prior to starting this medication

A

isotretinoin

71
Q

bacteria commonly associated with acne

A

propionibacterium acnes

72
Q

What dermatologic condition may cause rhinophyma?

A

rosacea

73
Q

nikolsky sign

A

skin peels away in sheets when touched

74
Q

complication of SJS

A

vision loss

75
Q

complication of TEN

A

diffuse interstitial pneumonitis

76
Q

exclamation point hair is a sign of…

A

alopecia areata

77
Q

most common cause of hair loss in woman

A

androgenetic alopecia

78
Q

most common organism to cause onychomyosis of the toenail

A

trichophytom rubrum

79
Q

When a patient is on a long dose or oral anti-fungal medication what labs need to be monitored?

A

LFTs

80
Q

superficial infection of lateral and posterior skin folds of nail bed

A

paronychia

81
Q

most common organism to cause chronic paronychia

A

candida

82
Q

most common organism to cause acute paronychia

A

S. aureus

83
Q

organism common in cat bites and abx to treat it

A

Pasturella multocida - augmentin

84
Q

erythema infectiosum is causative organism

A

parvovirus B19

85
Q

other name for erythema infectiosum

A

fifth disease

86
Q

slapped cheek rash on face, lacy rash on extremeties

A

erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

87
Q

erythema infectiosum may cause _____ in a patient with sickle cell disease

A

aplastic crisis

88
Q

hand foot and mouth disease is caused by which organism

A

coxsackievirus

89
Q

how is hand foot and mouth disease spread

A

direct contact with saliva or mucus

90
Q

causative agent of measles

A

paramyxovirus

91
Q

other name for measles

A

rubeola

92
Q

how is measles transmitted

A

respiratory droplets

93
Q

patient with cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis that later develops koplik spots and a morbilliform rash - DX?

A

measles (Rubeola)

94
Q

how long must a patient isolate when diagnosed with measles

A

1 week after the rash

95
Q

Vaccine schedule from measles

A

MMR shot is given at 12-15 months and then at 4-6 years

96
Q

antibiotic needed to treat a puncture wound

A

cipro - for pseudomonal coverage

97
Q

most common organism to cause erysipelas

A

S. pyogens (beta hemolytic)

98
Q

treatment for erysipelas

A

penicillin (erytho or clinda if allergy)

99
Q

most common opportunistic infection

A

candidiasis

100
Q

white lesions in mouth that bleed when scraped off

A

oral thrush

101
Q

treatment of oral thrush

A

nystatin

102
Q

organism that causes Tinea versicolor

A

malassezia furfur

103
Q

HPV viruses that cause condyloma acuminatum

A

6 and 11

104
Q

blanching dendritic lesions in the eye

A

keratoconjunctivitis (HSV in the eye)

105
Q

positive HSV result on a Tzanck smear

A

multinucleated giant cells

106
Q

dome shaped lesions with a central umbilication

A

molluscum contaginosum

107
Q

hutchinson’s sign

A

shingles on the tip of the nose - concerning for eye involvement

108
Q

vaccine schedule for varicella

A

12-15 months and 4-6 years

109
Q

age recommended for zoster vaccine

A

50 yo

110
Q

lesion that is a precursor for squamous cell carcinoma

A

actinic keratosis

111
Q

AIDs defining cancer, macular, papular nodules that are brown/red

A

kaposi sarcoma

112
Q

most common type of melanoma

A

superficial spreading

113
Q

Lichen planus is associated with which type of hepatitis?

A

hepatitis C

114
Q

well demarcated erythematous plaque with silver scaling, patient may also complain of joint pain

A

psoriasis

115
Q

auspitz sign

A

bleeds when the scale is picked

116
Q

koebner’s phenomenon

A

minor trauma causes new lesion

117
Q

hyper-pigmented area of sun exposed skin that are usually due to an increase in eczema

A

melasma

118
Q

milk white lesion under woods lamp

A

vitiligo

119
Q

contraindications for wound closure

A

bites, deep puncture wounds, tension , active bleeding

120
Q

most common areas for pressure ulcers

A

hip and sacrum

121
Q

how are pressure ulcers prevented

A

repositioning every 2 hours

122
Q

patient with chronic venous insufficiency with a hyper-pigmented, erythematous, scaly plaque on their lower extremities

A

stasis dermatitis

123
Q

pruritic, tense, symmetric, bullae or urticarial plaques

A

bullus pemphigoid

124
Q

velvety, hyper-pigmented, hyperkertotic plaques

A

acanthosis nigricans

125
Q

recurrent inflammatory nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts and complex scar formation

A

hidradenitis suppruativa

126
Q

slippage sign is found on physical exam of which DX?

A

lipoma

127
Q

abscess or sinus tract in the upper part of natal cleft

A

pilonidal disease

128
Q

Darier’s sign

A

urticaria appearing where skin is rubbed

129
Q

clear, deep seated vesicles typically on palms of hands, looks like tapioca

A

dyshidrosis

PANCE Review (9 decks)

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