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PHYSL 210 > Reproductive Physiology > Flashcards

Reproductive Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the male gonads and where are they located?

A
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2
Q

What is the function of the male gonads?

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3
Q

What are the associated reproductive tracts and accessory sex glands? What is the function of these accessory glands?

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4
Q

what are the different cell types of the male gonads? functions?

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5
Q

androgens

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6
Q

general properties of androgens

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7
Q

what are androgens made from

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8
Q

hormones prodcued by the testes, which cells produce them, action and regulation

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9
Q

what are the functions of the cells of the testes

ie sertoli cells, leydig

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10
Q

hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: gonadotropins-where they are released, cells of the testes-what they release, and levels of regulation.

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11
Q

what is sprematogenisis and where does it happen?

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12
Q

steps involved in spermatogenisis, what are the gametes called as they progress through spermatogenisis

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13
Q

how is spermatogenisis regulated

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14
Q

what is important about spermatogenisis apart from producing mature sperm?

ie how is the pool replenished? how many sperm are produced?

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15
Q

What is spermiogenesis

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16
Q

what are stages of the male sexual response

A
  • erection
  • emission
  • ejaculation
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17
Q

how is the male sexual response regulated? what is the role of the ANS in the male sexual response?

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18
Q

What is capacitation and the acrosome reaction

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19
Q

what is the female gonad? structures associated with the gonads

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20
Q

function of uterus

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21
Q

what are the different structures of the uterus

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22
Q

what are the different structures found in an ovary

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23
Q

what cell types are present in an ovarian follicle? what is their function? different stages of the ovarian follicle

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24
Q

why is the ovary considered to be an endocrine gland? In what whats are they similar to the testes?

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25
Q

oogenisis - similarities + differences from spermatogenisis

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26
Q

what is ovulation, when does it occur?

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27
Q

what is the hormonal mechanism by which ovulation is regulated?

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28
Q

which hormones are made by the ovaries? where are they made?

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29
Q

time cycle of the ovarian hormones & pattern of secretion

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30
Q

general properties of the ovarian hormones, mechanism of action and their physiological functions?

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31
Q

how are the ovarian hormones regulated?

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32
Q

what is the menstrual cycle? what is the duration of the cycle?

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33
Q

What are the different phases of the menstrual cycle?

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34
Q

How are the phases of the menstrual cycle linked to hormonal levels that control the the cycle and the different changes that occur in the ovary?

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35
Q

Site of fertilization and steps involved

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36
Q

why and how is polyspermy blocked

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37
Q

what happens to the fertilized egg a few days after fertilization

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38
Q

implantation and steps involved? what is a blastocyst and how does it develop?

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ie the outer cell layer is the trophoblast and becomes fetal placenta; inner cell mass becomes embryo

39
Q

placenta and it’s major functions? name hormones it secretes

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40
Q

how does the mother’s body, the placenta and the fetus work together to make hormones

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41
Q

parturition

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42
Q

positive-feedback loop in partuition and important hormones

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43
Q

hormones involved in breast development before and after puberty

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44
Q

structure of the aveoli

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45
Q

hormone that helps in milk synthesis, hormone that controls “let down” reponse and how does it work?

A

suckling reflex

46
Q

genetic, gonadal and genital sex

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47
Q

how is the male and female sex determined at the time of conception?

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48
Q

sexual differentiation in males and females

A

mullerian and wolffian ducts

49
Q

anomalies witnessed during genetic sex determination and sexual differentiation

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50
Q

activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during puberty

A
51
Q

What is menopause? What are the hormonal changes associated with menopause

A
52
Q

What is andropause?

A

PHYSL 210 (16 decks)

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