CNS - Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is modality of sensory input, give some examples
how a stimulus is sensed or perceived by our sensory organs.
eg. vision, sense of touch, hearing, movement
explain the relationship between sensory inputs and control
You can only control what you sense: without knowing the state of what you are controlling, you cannot control it
When a stimulus is processed, what determines which modality of stimulus it will respond to?
the structure of the sensory receptor
different modalities are processed…
in different parts of the brain
what is the adequate stimulus
the modality activating a given receptor
5 types of sensory endings in human skin (acronym)
MMFPR
- meissner’s corpuscles
- merkel’s corpuscles
- free nerve endings
- pacinian corpuscles
- ruffini corpuscles
meissner’s (tactile) corpuscles function
respond to light touch on the skin.
what is merkel’s corpuscles?
receptors that respond to touch
what do free nerve endings respond to
sensory receptors that respond to pain
Pacinian (lamellated) corpuscles structure and function
- contains slippery layers (lamellae) that slide over each other
- respond vigorously to vibration; distribute and amplify mechanical deformation
Ruffini corpuscles function
respond to skin stretch; also function as thermoreceptors
Types of ruffini corpuscles and their responses
warm type: increase firing rate as temperature rises
cold type: increase firing rate as temperature falls
describe type A sensory receptors and transmission
- specialized endings of afferent axons
- project directly to the spinal cord
describe type B sensory receptors and it’s transmission
- comprise first-order receptor cells responding to stimuli
- synaptically activate second-order cells close by, whose axons transmit information to the nervous system
first order cell characteristics and role
- generally small
- act as an intermediary between stimulus (stimulus energy) and second-order cells
what cells release neurotransmitters
first-order cells