Reproductive Disorders

Question 1

What is the patho of Priapism?

Answer 1

corpora cavernosa fills with blood and causes venous obstruction and vascular congestion

Question 2

What are 3 manifestations of priapism?

Answer 2

1. urinary retention
2. edema
3. fibrosis can lead to impotence

Question 3

What is the patho of cryptorchidism?

Answer 3

failure of one or both testes to descend into scrotum during fetal development
idiopathic

Question 4

What are 2 manifestations of cryptorchidism?

Answer 4

higher temp can cause faulty spermatogenesis
spontaneous descent in first 3 months

Question 5

What is the patho of testicular torsion?

Answer 5

acute ischemic testicular injury with rotation of spermatic cord causing venous occlusion

Question 6

What are 4 manifestations of testicular torsion?

Answer 6

1. scrotal edema
2. ecchymosis
3. pain
4. irreversible damage if not treated

Question 7

What is another name for scrotal edema?

Answer 7

hydrocele

Question 8

What is the patho of orchitis?

Answer 8

spread from other areas or a complication of mumps or scarlet fever

Question 9

What are 5 manifestations of orchitis?

Answer 9

1. fever
2. edema
3. pain
4. no UTI symptoms
5. impaired spermatogenesis

Question 10

What is the patho of prostatitis?

Answer 10

bacterial infection often considered a UTI

Question 11

Which bacteria usually causes prostatitis?

Answer 11

E. Coli

Question 12

What is the patho of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 12

imbalance between cell growth and normal cell death due to abnormal growth factors

Question 13

What are 4 manifestations of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 13

1. palpable prostate
2. problems with voiding
3. urinary stasis
4. elevated PSA

Question 14

What does PSA stand for?

Answer 14

prostate specific antigen

Question 15

What 3 STIs are bacterial?

Answer 15

1. syphilis
2. gonorrhea
3. chlamydia

Question 16

What 2 STIs are viral?

Answer 16

1. HIV
2. genital herpes

Question 17

Which STI is protozoan?

Answer 17

trichomoniasis

Question 18

What is the patho of endometriosis?

Answer 18

functional endometrial tissue in ectopic sites
idiopathic

Question 19

What does ectopic mean?

Answer 19

outside

Question 20

What are 4 manifestations of endometriosis?

Answer 20

1. pain
2. bleeding into surrounding tissues
3. scar tissue/adhesions
4. infertility

Question 21

What is the patho of cervical cancer?

Answer 21

cervical dysplasia
considered STI because related to HPV

Question 22

What is cervical dysplasia?

Answer 22

precancerous lesions develop

Question 23

What is the earliest stage of cervical cancer where carcinoma is still localized?

Answer 23

cervical carcinoma in situ

Question 24

What is the latest stage of cervical cancer where carcinoma spreads extensively?

Answer 24

invasive carcinoma

Question 25

What is special about the manifestations of cervical cancer?

Answer 25

may be none

Question 26

What could be 2 manifestations of cervical cancer?

Answer 26

1. vaginal bleeding or discharge
2. pelvic or abdominal bleeding

Question 27

What is the patho of breast cancer?

Answer 27

ductal epithelium
metastasize to lymph nodes first

Question 28

What are 2 manifestations of breast cancer?

Answer 28

1. unilateral lump
2. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes