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MW1500 > REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE > Flashcards

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE Flashcards

1
Q

what is the ovarian cycle?

A

to produce an ovum at regular interval to make reproductive success and secondary role is to regulate the cycle by means of oestrogen and progesterone.

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2
Q

what day is the follicular phase?

A

day 1 - 13

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3
Q

ovulation happens on what day?

A

14

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4
Q

what day is luteal phase?

A

15 - 28

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5
Q

what is the menstrual cycle?

A

lining of the uterus is suitable for implantation of the embryo if fertilisation occurs

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6
Q

what is menarche?

A

onset of period
12.3 years
obesity can cause early onset
malnutrition , low weight and eating disorders may delay

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7
Q

what is menopause

A

end of reproductive cycle
when supply of oocyte becomes exhausted
12 months without a period
signs , irritability , hot flushes , lethargic

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8
Q

what is menstruation

A

menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining
5-7 days
35-95ml contains endometrial debris

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9
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of period primary menstruation never occurred secondary ceased for 6 months or more

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10
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

excessive menstrual pain , lower abdominal pain may radiate to back and legs

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11
Q

menorrhagia

A

heavy , painful periods , 80ml or more

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12
Q

what are the two layers of the endometrium

A

superficial layer
basal layer

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13
Q

what happen in menstrual phase

A

if oocyte is not fertilised corpus luteum degenerates , progesterone and oestrogen reduces causing endometrium to shred

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14
Q

what happen in the proliferative phase

A

proliferation
superficial layer regenerates , endometrium thickens with rich blood supply and mucous secreting glands

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15
Q

what happens in the secretory phase

A

endometrium begins to swell , secretory glands produce increasing mucus to assist sperm through the uterus , vaginal discharge becomes watery

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16
Q

what are the reproductive cycle hormones

A

hypothalamus - GNHR - anterior pituitary gland and releases FSH and LH - ovaries and release oestrogen and progesterone - uterus

17
Q

what is the role of FSH

A

promotes maturation of ovarian follicles
promotes secretion of oestrogen leading to ovulation
encourages follicle to move to surface of ovary
secretion is suppressed during latter half of cycle to prevent other follicles maturing

18
Q

what is the role of LH

A

encourages follicle to move to surface of ovary
triggers ovulation
stimulates development of corpus luteum
promotes secretion of progesterone

19
Q

when do oestrogen level rise during the cycle

A

as follicle develops
as corpus luteum develops

20
Q

what is the role oestrogen

A

stimulates thickening of endometrium , triggers surge of LH , stimulates FSH and LH production

21
Q

what is the role of progesterone

A

stimulates and supports endometrial thickening , supports increased glandular development of endometrium during secretory phase , inhibits secretion of FSH and LH

22
Q

what are the three phases of the uterus cycle

A

menstrual phase 1-5
proliferative phase 6 - 14
secretory phase 15-28

23
Q

what are three phases of ovarian cycle

A

follicular phase 1-13
ovulation 14
luteal phase 14-28

24
Q

what happen day 1-5 in the uterus

A

menstruation
endometrium shed down , corpus luteum degenerates , progesterone is reduce in favour of oestrogen

25
Q

what happen day 1 - 5 in ovaries

A

follicular phase
GNHR is released from hypothalamus , stimulates anterior pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH . FSH stimulates follicular maturation

26
Q

what happens 6 - 14 in uterus

A

proliferative phase
proliferation
endometrium regenerates and thickens increasing mucus and glandular cells

27
Q

what happens 6 - 14 in ovaries

A

follicular phase continues
follicles continue to ripen oestrogen is secreted

28
Q

what happens day 14 in the uterus

A

ovulation
high oestrogen triggers surge in LH
Graafian follicle swells becomes tense and ruptures , empty follicle is Called corpus luteum

29
Q

what happens 15 - 28 in the uterus

A

secretory phase
progesterone converts endometrium to secretory tissue , endometrial cells become large and blood supply is increased , folds begin to develop on endometrial surface , preparing for implantation

30
Q

what happens 15 -28 in the ovaries

A

luteal phase
corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone , FSH and LH level continue to fall .

31
Q

what happens when their is no pregnancy

A

corpus luteum degenerates into corpus albicans . oestrogen and progesterone levels fall

32
Q

what happen is their is pregnancy

A

fertilised oocyte develops into syncitrophoblast and secrete HCG . HCG instructs corpus luteum to secrete progesterone and maintain the thick endometrium . corpus luteum is now called corpus luteum gravidiatis

MW1500 (18 decks)

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