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MW1500 > female reproductive cycle > Flashcards

female reproductive cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is puberty?

A

The period of physical and psychological development during which a child matures into an adult.

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2
Q

What changes occur for girls during puberty?

A

Development of breasts, start of menstruation, widening of hips, and growth of body hair.

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3
Q

What changes occur for boys during puberty?

A

Development of facial and body hair, deepening of voice, increase in muscle mass, and enlargement of the testes and penis.

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4
Q

label the male genitilia diagram

A

diagram

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

What is the estimated daily sperm production in males?

A

45m sperm per day

This figure refers to the typical sperm output in a healthy male.

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7
Q

How much testosterone do males produce and secrete daily?

A

3-10mg testosterone per day

This range represents the average testosterone secretion in healthy males.

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8
Q

Where does sperm production occur?

A

Seminiferous tubules

These are located within the testes.

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9
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

Sperm mature & become motile

The epididymis is a coiled tube approximately 6cm long.

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10
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

Passage from testes to seminal vesicle

It serves as a conduit for sperm transport.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The site of sperm production is the _______.

A

seminiferous tubules

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12
Q

True or False: Sperm are produced in the epididymis.

A

False

Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules, not the epididymis.

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13
Q

What is the approximate length of the epididymis?

A

6cm long

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14
Q

What process occurs in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sperm production

Sperm are initially immature and immotile in this location.

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15
Q

What do seminal vesicles produce?

A

Seminal fluid, which is alkaline and contains fructose (60% of semen)

Seminal vesicles join with the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.

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16
Q

What is the function of the prostate?

A

Produces prostatic fluid, which is white and contains clotting enzyme (30% of semen)

The prostate completely surrounds the area of the male urethra.

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17
Q

What is the common pathway for urine and semen?

A

Urethra

Urine and semen cannot pass at the same time due to sphincters.

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18
Q

True or False: The seminal vesicles produce 30% of semen.

A

False

Seminal vesicles produce 60% of semen.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The seminal vesicles join with _______ to form the ejaculatory duct.

A

vas deferens

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20
Q

What type of fluid does the prostate produce?

A

Prostatic fluid

This fluid is characterized by its white color and the presence of a clotting enzyme.

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21
Q

What prevents urine and semen from passing at the same time?

A

Sphincters

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22
Q

corpus carvenosa

A

run on either side of the penis and spongiosum houses the urethra

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23
Q

what is the urethra

A

passage of urine and semen

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24
Q

glans penis

A

most sensitive element

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25
Q

prepuce

A

protect glans penis

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26
Q

label the diagram of the female external genitiia

A

diagram

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27
Q
A
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28
Q

What is the function of the anus?

A

The anus is the end of the digestive system, surrounded by sphincter tissue.

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29
Q

What do the Bartholin glands secrete?

A

The Bartholin glands secrete lubricating fluid during arousal & intercourse.

30
Q

What is the primary function of the clitoris?

A

The clitoris is solely for sexual pleasure & inducing orgasm during intercourse.

31
Q

What is the function of the labia majora?

A

To enclose and protect other sexual organs.

33
Q

What is the function of the labia minora?

A

Protect urethral & vaginal openings.

The labia minora are internal structures that play a role in the protection of the urethra and vagina.

34
Q

What is the role of the perineum?

A

Support internal organs & contributes to sexual arousal response.

The perineum is the area between the anus and the genitals, significant in both structural support and sexual function.

35
Q

What is the primary function of the urethra?

A

End of renal system, to allow passage of urine.

The urethra is a tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body, enabling urine expulsion.

36
Q

What does the vagina (introitus) provide?

A

A passage to the internal reproductive system.

The vagina serves as a canal that connects the external genitals to the uterus and internal reproductive structures.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The labia minora protect the _______ and vaginal openings.

A

urethral

The labia minora are essential for safeguarding these openings from external harm.

38
Q

True or False: The perineum has no role in sexual arousal.

A

False

The perineum is involved in sexual arousal, contributing to the overall sexual response.

39
Q

What are the main functions of external structures in female anatomy?

A

Protect openings, support organs, contribute to arousal.

These functions are crucial for both reproductive health and sexual function.

40
Q

label the internal structure of a women vagina

42
Q

What is the approximate length of the vagina?

43
Q

In which direction is the vagina directed?

A

Upwards and backwards

44
Q

What is the structure of the walls of the vagina?

A

Walls sit in contact

45
Q

What are the folds in the vaginal walls called?

46
Q

What is the pH of the vagina?

A

Low (acidic)

47
Q

Which fornix is the shallowest in the vagina?

A

Anterior fornix

48
Q

Which fornix is the deepest in the vagina?

A

Posterior fornix

49
Q

What are the three main functions of the vagina?

A
  • Facilitation of coitus
  • Passage of menses
  • Passage for birth
50
Q

What is the approximate length of the cervix?

A

Approx. 2.5cm long

51
Q

Where is the cervix situated?

A

At the top of the vagina

52
Q

What type of muscle fibers are found in the cervix?

A

Dense circular fibres

53
Q

What is the internal os?

A

At junction with body of uterus

54
Q

What is the external os?

A

At bottom of cervix, in vagina

55
Q

How does the external os change following labour and birth?

A

Changes in appearance

56
Q

True or False: The cervix is considered to be part of the uterus.

57
Q

what shape is the uterus

A

pear shaped

58
Q

what is the length of uterus

59
Q

what is the fundus

A

a dope shaped top between fallopian tube

60
Q

what are the functions of the uterus

A

receives fertilised oocyte
nourishes and protects developing pregnancy
assist in expulsion of fetus and placenta

61
Q

what are the three layers of the uterus

A

endometrium , myometrium and perimetrium

62
Q

endometrium

A

innermost 2 layers superficial functional layer thickens and sheds , deeper basal layer regenerates

63
Q

myometrium

A

smooth muscle fibre in three layers , longitudinal , oblique and circular

64
Q

perimetrium

A

outermost
extension of peritoneum
form the broad ligament like a blanket

65
Q

how many fallopian tubes are their

66
Q

what is the size of the fallopian tube

A

10 -12 cm long

67
Q

fallopian tube

A

mobile not fixed to ovaries walls are smooth muscle

68
Q

what does the fimbriae do

A

assist entry of oocyte

69
Q

ovaries

A

2 - almond shaped - roughly 2-4cm long outer layer is cortex inner layer is medulla

70
Q

what are the function of ovaries

A

production of fertilisable oocyte and secretion of reproductive hormones

MW1500 (18 decks)

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