female reproductive cycle

Question 1

What is puberty?

Answer 1

The period of physical and psychological development during which a child matures into an adult.

Question 2

What changes occur for girls during puberty?

Answer 2

Development of breasts, start of menstruation, widening of hips, and growth of body hair.

Question 3

What changes occur for boys during puberty?

Answer 3

Development of facial and body hair, deepening of voice, increase in muscle mass, and enlargement of the testes and penis.

Question 4

label the male genitilia diagram

Answer 4

diagram

Question 6

What is the estimated daily sperm production in males?

Answer 6

45m sperm per day

This figure refers to the typical sperm output in a healthy male.

Question 7

How much testosterone do males produce and secrete daily?

Answer 7

3-10mg testosterone per day

This range represents the average testosterone secretion in healthy males.

Question 8

Where does sperm production occur?

Answer 8

Seminiferous tubules

These are located within the testes.

Question 9

What is the function of the epididymis?

Answer 9

Sperm mature & become motile

The epididymis is a coiled tube approximately 6cm long.

Question 10

What is the vas deferens?

Answer 10

Passage from testes to seminal vesicle

It serves as a conduit for sperm transport.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The site of sperm production is the _______.

Answer 11

seminiferous tubules

Question 12

True or False: Sperm are produced in the epididymis.

Answer 12

False

Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules, not the epididymis.

Question 13

What is the approximate length of the epididymis?

Answer 13

6cm long

Question 14

What process occurs in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 14

Sperm production

Sperm are initially immature and immotile in this location.

Question 15

What do seminal vesicles produce?

Answer 15

Seminal fluid, which is alkaline and contains fructose (60% of semen)

Seminal vesicles join with the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.

Question 16

What is the function of the prostate?

Answer 16

Produces prostatic fluid, which is white and contains clotting enzyme (30% of semen)

The prostate completely surrounds the area of the male urethra.

Question 17

What is the common pathway for urine and semen?

Answer 17

Urethra

Urine and semen cannot pass at the same time due to sphincters.

Question 18

True or False: The seminal vesicles produce 30% of semen.

Answer 18

False

Seminal vesicles produce 60% of semen.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The seminal vesicles join with _______ to form the ejaculatory duct.

Answer 19

vas deferens

Question 20

What type of fluid does the prostate produce?

Answer 20

Prostatic fluid

This fluid is characterized by its white color and the presence of a clotting enzyme.

Question 21

What prevents urine and semen from passing at the same time?

Answer 21

Sphincters

Question 22

corpus carvenosa

Answer 22

run on either side of the penis and spongiosum houses the urethra

Question 23

what is the urethra

Answer 23

passage of urine and semen

Question 24

glans penis

Answer 24

most sensitive element

Question 25

prepuce

Answer 25

protect glans penis

Question 26

label the diagram of the female external genitiia

Answer 26

diagram

Question 28

What is the function of the anus?

Answer 28

The anus is the end of the digestive system, surrounded by sphincter tissue.

Question 29

What do the Bartholin glands secrete?

Answer 29

The Bartholin glands secrete lubricating fluid during arousal & intercourse.

Question 30

What is the primary function of the clitoris?

Answer 30

The clitoris is solely for sexual pleasure & inducing orgasm during intercourse.

Question 31

What is the function of the labia majora?

Answer 31

To enclose and protect other sexual organs.

Question 33

What is the function of the labia minora?

Answer 33

Protect urethral & vaginal openings. ## Footnote The labia minora are internal structures that play a role in the protection of the urethra and vagina.

Question 34

What is the role of the perineum?

Answer 34

Support internal organs & contributes to sexual arousal response. ## Footnote The perineum is the area between the anus and the genitals, significant in both structural support and sexual function.

Question 35

What is the primary function of the urethra?

Answer 35

End of renal system, to allow passage of urine. ## Footnote The urethra is a tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body, enabling urine expulsion.

Question 36

What does the vagina (introitus) provide?

Answer 36

A passage to the internal reproductive system. ## Footnote The vagina serves as a canal that connects the external genitals to the uterus and internal reproductive structures.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The labia minora protect the _______ and vaginal openings.

Answer 37

urethral ## Footnote The labia minora are essential for safeguarding these openings from external harm.

Question 38

True or False: The perineum has no role in sexual arousal.

Answer 38

False ## Footnote The perineum is involved in sexual arousal, contributing to the overall sexual response.

Question 39

What are the main functions of external structures in female anatomy?

Answer 39

Protect openings, support organs, contribute to arousal. ## Footnote These functions are crucial for both reproductive health and sexual function.

Question 40

label the internal structure of a women vagina

Answer 40

diagram

Question 42

What is the approximate length of the vagina?

Answer 42

8-10 cm

Question 43

In which direction is the vagina directed?

Answer 43

Upwards and backwards

Question 44

What is the structure of the walls of the vagina?

Answer 44

Walls sit in contact

Question 45

What are the folds in the vaginal walls called?

Answer 45

Rugae

Question 46

What is the pH of the vagina?

Answer 46

Low (acidic)

Question 47

Which fornix is the shallowest in the vagina?

Answer 47

Anterior fornix

Question 48

Which fornix is the deepest in the vagina?

Answer 48

Posterior fornix

Question 49

What are the three main functions of the vagina?

Answer 49

* Facilitation of coitus * Passage of menses * Passage for birth

Question 50

What is the approximate length of the cervix?

Answer 50

Approx. 2.5cm long

Question 51

Where is the cervix situated?

Answer 51

At the top of the vagina

Question 52

What type of muscle fibers are found in the cervix?

Answer 52

Dense circular fibres

Question 53

What is the internal os?

Answer 53

At junction with body of uterus

Question 54

What is the external os?

Answer 54

At bottom of cervix, in vagina

Question 55

How does the external os change following labour and birth?

Answer 55

Changes in appearance

Question 56

True or False: The cervix is considered to be part of the uterus.

Answer 56

True

Question 57

what shape is the uterus

Answer 57

pear shaped

Question 58

what is the length of uterus

Answer 58

5cm long

Question 59

what is the fundus

Answer 59

a dope shaped top between fallopian tube

Question 60

what are the functions of the uterus

Answer 60

receives fertilised oocyte nourishes and protects developing pregnancy assist in expulsion of fetus and placenta

Question 61

what are the three layers of the uterus

Answer 61

endometrium , myometrium and perimetrium

Question 62

endometrium

Answer 62

innermost 2 layers superficial functional layer thickens and sheds , deeper basal layer regenerates

Question 63

myometrium

Answer 63

smooth muscle fibre in three layers , longitudinal , oblique and circular

Question 64

perimetrium

Answer 64

outermost extension of peritoneum form the broad ligament like a blanket

Question 65

how many fallopian tubes are their

Answer 65

2

Question 66

what is the size of the fallopian tube

Answer 66

10 -12 cm long

Question 67

fallopian tube

Answer 67

mobile not fixed to ovaries walls are smooth muscle

Question 68

what does the fimbriae do

Answer 68

assist entry of oocyte

Question 69

ovaries

Answer 69

2 - almond shaped - roughly 2-4cm long outer layer is cortex inner layer is medulla

Question 70

what are the function of ovaries

Answer 70

production of fertilisable oocyte and secretion of reproductive hormones