characteristics of a well neonate

Question 1

general appearance

Answer 1

Well perfused skin
* Head and torso should be well perfused
* Acrocyanosis - blue tinge on hands and feet - normal
* White ethnic groups - pinkish , pale
* Black or Asian - purplish , bluish

Question 2

good muscle tone

Answer 2

• Well developed muscular tone
  
  • Firm and well coordinated movements
  • Healthy neuromuscular system
  • Active movement
    Alert

Question 3

hr

Answer 3

Normal heart rate
110 -160.
Bradycardia is less then 110
More than 160 is tachycardia

Question 4

respiratory rate

Answer 4

Normal 30 - 60
Tachypnoea more then 60
Bradypnea is less than 30

Question 5

temperature

Answer 5

Normal - 36.5 - 37.5
Hyperthermia is less then 36.5
Hypothermia is more then 37.5

Question 6

head and face

Answer 6

• symmetrical head shape
  
  • Fontanelles - soft and flat
  • Well defined facial features
  • No obvious birth trauma

Question 7

eyes and ears

Answer 7

• Eyes should be clear , bright and alert
  Pupil should also be equal in size

Question 8

ears

Answer 8

• Should be well formed
  Symmetrical and positional centrally , not too lower set

Question 9

mouth and throat

Answer 9

• Babies should suck and swallow effectively when latched on the breast
  
  • Mouth and palate should be in tact

Question 10

Apgar score

Answer 10

Quick way to identify health of newborns at 1 and 5 mins

Question 11

Apgar score measures

Answer 11

Actvity - muscle tone
Pulse
Grimace
Appearance
Respiration

Question 12

appearance

Answer 12

Appearance - what colour is the baby
0 = body blue or pale
1 = body pink , extremities blue
2 = body and extremities pink , no cyanosis

Question 13

pulse

Answer 13

Pulse - what is the babies heart rate
0 = absent
1 = 1 is less than 100 bpm
2 = over 100 bpm

Question 14

grimace

Answer 14

Grimace - what is the babies reflex response
0 = no response to stimulation baby is floppy
1 = minimal response to stimulation
2 = active response to stimulation

Question 15

activity

Answer 15

Activity - what is the baby muscle tone
0 = none
1 = flexed arms and legs
2 = active infant

Question 16

respiration

Answer 16

Respiration - how is the baby breathing
0 = absent
1 = weak irregular and slow
2 = 2 strong vigorous crying