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Pharmacology > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

Estradiol esters?

A

Estradiol valerate, Estradiol cyplonate, Quinestrol

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2
Q

Conjugated estrogens?

A

Estrone sulfate, Equilin sulfate

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3
Q

Alkyl estrogens?

A

Ethinyl estradiol, Mestranol

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4
Q

Absorption of synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

Skin, mucus membranes, GI

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5
Q

Distribution of synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

Body-wide, via SHBG

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6
Q

Indications for synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

Contraception, primary hypogonadism, postmenopausal hormone therapy

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7
Q

Common side effects of synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

Nausea, breast tension/pain, vaginal bleeding, headache, weight gain, HTN

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8
Q

Less common side effects of synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

Breast cancer (controversial), DVT, PE, MI, stroke, gallbladder disease, cervical & endometrial cancer

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9
Q

Contraindications for synthetic steroidal estrogens?

A

W/ breast or endometrial cancer (or a family history), endometriosis, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, pregnancy, thromboembolic disease, HTN, hepatic disease

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10
Q

Diethylstilbesterol?

A

Non-steroidal synthetic estrogen

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11
Q

Risks associated with DES?

A

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina & cervix

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12
Q

Tamoxifen citrate class?

A

Non-steroidal anti-estrogen; SERM

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13
Q

Clomiphene citrate class and mxn?

A

Non-steroidal anti-estrogen; blocks estrogen binding, decreasing negative feedback, inducing GnRH, LH, FSH release, inducing ovulation

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14
Q

Clomiphene citrate side effects?

A

Hot flashes, upset stomach/pain, vomiting, headache, multiple pregnancy

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15
Q

Cis-isomer of clomiphene?

A

Zuclomiphene (weak agonist)

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16
Q

Trans-isomer of clomiphene?

A

Enclomiphene (potent antagonist)

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17
Q

Progesterone indications?

A

Contraception, hormone replacement therapy

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18
Q

Natural progesterones?

A

Micronized, Transvaginal progesterone

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19
Q

Natural progesterone side effects?

A

Minimal (fatigue, drowsiness)

20
Q

Synthetic progesterone/Progestins?

A

Medroxyprogesterone, Norethindrone, Norgestrel, Megestrol

21
Q

Progestin common side effects?

A

Anxiety/irritability, depression, muscular pain, edema, abdominal bloating, androgenic effects (acne, hirsutism)

22
Q

Less common side effects of progestins?

A

Thrombosis, PE

23
Q

Contraindications of progestins?

A

Thromboembolic disorders (or Hx of), liver disease, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, pergnancy, HTN, risk of breast cancer

24
Q

Combination pills?

A

Mono-/Bi-/Triphasic Ortho-Novum

25
Q

Monophasic dosing?

A

Consistent, 21 days

26
Q

Biphasic dosing?

A

Fixed estrogen, Progestin increased days 11-21

27
Q

Triphasic dosing?

A

Fixed or variable estrogen, progestin increase in three phases (days 1-7, 3-14, 15-21)

28
Q

Mini-pill?

A

Progestin only

29
Q

Mini-pill benefit?

A

Suppress endometrial cancer

30
Q

Mini-pill side effect?

A

Irregular cycles

31
Q

Plan B?

A

Levonorgestrel

32
Q

Levonorgestrel mxn?

A

Unknown: interfere with implantation & inhibit/delay ovulation

33
Q

Levonorgestrel must be taken within?

A

72 hours of coitus

34
Q

“Abortion pill?”

A

Mifepristone (RU-486, Korylym)

35
Q

Mifepristone mxn?

A

Anti-progesterone, leading to detachment of the fetus; Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist

36
Q

Mifepristone must be taken within?

A

49 days

37
Q

AKA Viagra?

A

Sildenafil citrate

38
Q

AKA Levitra?

A

Vardenafil HCL

39
Q

AKA Cialis?

A

Tadalafil

40
Q

ED drugs mxn?

A

Inhibit PDE5, inhibit breakdown of cGP, decreased Ca, increased smooth muscle relaxation, erection

41
Q

PDE5 inhibitors with 4 hr half life?

A

Sildenafil citrate, Vardenafil HCL

42
Q

PDE5 inhibitors with 17.5 hr half life?

A

Tadalafil

43
Q

Peak plasma concenctration of PDE5 inhibitors within?

A

1-2 hours

44
Q

PDE5 inhibitors contraindicated?

A

Nitrates, alpha-blockers (unsafe drop in BP)

45
Q

PDE5 inhibitor side effects?

A

Change in vision, headaches, dizziness, flushing, upset stomach, stuffy/runny nose, UTI, diarrhea

46
Q

Unique contraindication of micronized progesterone?

A

Peanut allergy

Pharmacology (46 decks)

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