Reproductive

Question 1

Prostatitis

Answer 1

Category 1(Sudden onset of fever ad chills, flu-like symptoms, pain in prostate gland, lower back or groin, urinary problems(increased urgency and frequency, difficulty or pain when urinating, blood-tinged urine) and painful ejaculation), Category 2(Slow onset of sings and symptoms resembling category 1 that wax and wane), Category 3(Resembles Category 2 but no fever), Category 4(Usually found during examination for other conditions, may not need treating)

Question 2

Epididymitis

Answer 2

Tender, red, swollen scrotum, unilateral testicle pain/tenderness, painful urination and ejaculation, fever and abdominal pain, discharge from penis

Question 3

Orchitis

Answer 3

Testicular swelling and pain, nausea and vomiting, fever, penile discharge

Question 4

Cryptorchidism

Answer 4

Inability to feel one or both testicles in scrotum, affected testicle(s) often have a short spermatic artery, and poor blood supply

Question 5

Testicular Cancer

Answer 5

Painless lump on testicle, sensation of heaviness or aching in lower abdomen or scrotum

Question 6

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(BPH)

Answer 6

Urinary issues including dribbling after urination, inability to urinate, needing to urinate twice or more in a single night, pain with urination, blood urine, trouble urinating

Question 7

Prostate Cancer

Answer 7

Trouble initiating and maintaining urination(weak flow), frequent urination, blood in urine or semen, pain or burning during urination, difficulty achieving and maintaining erection, pain in upper thighs, hips and back

Question 8

Erectile Dysfunction

Answer 8

Not being able to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient enough for intercourse

Question 9

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID)

Answer 9

Fever, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, irregular menstrual bleeding, painful intercourse and urination

Question 10

Cervical Cancer

Answer 10

Typically don’t become present until the cancer becomes invasive and affects nearby tissue, pelvic pain during intercourse, vaginal discharge and abnormal vaginal bleeding

Question 11

Leiomyomas

Answer 11

Depends on location and size of the tumors

Question 12

Ovarian Cancer

Answer 12

Bloating, pelvic and abdominal pain, trouble eating/feeling full quickly, changes in urinary urgency or frequency

Question 13

Breast Cancer

Answer 13

Nipple pain, retraction, or thickening, swelling of all parts of the breast, unusual discharge from nipple

Question 14

Fibroadenomas

Answer 14

Firm, round, smooth, and rubbery, with clearly defined edges(unlike tumor)

Question 15

Breast Cysts

Answer 15

Smooth and easily moveable lump with defined edges, and breast pain or tenderness in cyst area

Question 16

Fibrocystic Breast Changes(FBC)

Answer 16

Breast swelling or thickening(or lumps within tissue), breast pain or tenderness

Question 17

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 17

Cramping, pain in lower back and pelvis

Question 18

Menorrhagia

Answer 18

Bleeding for a week or longer, passing large blood clot

Question 19

Metorrhagia

Answer 19

Bleeding between menstrual periods, abdominal pain with bleeding, and/or irregularity of the menstrual cycle

Question 20

Premenstrual Syndrome(PMS) & Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder(PMDD)

Answer 20

Breast swelling and tenderness, body pain, bloating and weight gain, mood swings, irritability, crying spells, depression, anxiety

Question 21

Endometriosis

Answer 21

Pelvic pain is the main symptom, but constipation, bloating, menorrhagia and metorrhagia are also commonly reported

Question 22

Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 22

One-sided lower abdomen pain, positive pregnancy test, and vaginal bleeding

Question 23

Spontaneous Abortion/Miscarriage

Answer 23

Pain in lower back or abdomen, vaginal bleeding, tissue or clot-like material discharged from vagina

Question 24

Preeclampsia

Answer 24

Severe cases can include headaches, blurred vision, dizziness, sudden weight gain, vomiting, and decreased urine output

Question 25

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GMD)

Answer 25

Diagnosis: Glucose tolerance test
Treatment: Regular blood-glucose monitoring, controlling dietary glucose, exercise, insulin therapy

Question 26

Menopause

Answer 26

Hot flashes, night sweats, trouble sleeping or focusing, mood swings, hair loss or thinning, facial hair growth

Question 27

Uterine Prolapse

Answer 27

Feelings of heaviness in the pelvic area, and urinary difficulties

Question 28

Cystocele

Answer 28

Pelvic pressure, urinary urgency and frequency, loss of bladder control

Question 29

Rectocele

Answer 29

Discomfort, constipation, loss of bladder control

Question 30

Gonorrhea

Answer 30

Males: Burning during urination, white, yellow or green penile discharge, painful or swollen testicles, can cause epididymitis and infertility
Females: Pain while urinating, increased vaginal discharge, or bleeding between periods, can cause PID in long-term

Question 31

Syphilis

Answer 31

Primary stage: Chancres at entry site(small, firm and painless round lesions that last 3-6 weeks and heal on their own)
Secondary Stage: Widespread rash(appears as rough, red or brown spots)
Latent Stage: If no treatment is administered, internal organs are damaged and condition can be life-threatening

Question 32

Chlamydia

Answer 32

Females: Abnormal discharge from vagina, burning during urination, lower abdominal back and pelvic pain, fever and nausea, bleeding between menstrual periods(Untreated infections can cause PID)
Males: Penile discharge, burning when urinating, itching and burning around urethral orifice

Question 33

Trichomoniasis

Answer 33

Itching, irritation, or soreness inside penis or vagina, burning after urination or ejaculation, penile discharge, or vaginal discharge with unusual smell or colour, only a third of infected individuals develop any symptoms

Question 34

Genital Herpes

Answer 34

HSV-1: Affects mouth and lips causing sores and blisters
HSV-2: Causes genital herpes, more common in women than men, painful blisters around the genitals which can rupture and leave ulcers that take up to a month to heal

Question 35

Genital Warts

Answer 35

Benign neoplastic growths on epidermis of genitalia, most cases are asymptomatic and are resolved by immune action