Reproduction control in exotic pets Flashcards
External Urogenital Anatomy of the Rabbit - Male vs. Female
V.difficult to differentiate between male + female
male - preputial orifice
female - vulval orifice
mammalian uterine anatomy
simplex - humans, single cervix, uterine horns fused
duplex - rabbits, two cervixes, uterine horns not fused
Bipartite/Bicornuate - cats + dogs, single cervix, larger uterine body
Rabbit Urogenital Anatomy - Male
numerous accessory sex glands
testes quite mobile - open inguinal ring - hard to find sometimes
Guinea Pig Urogenital Anatomy - Male
well developed accessory sex glands
mammary gland neoplasia - rats
common
surgical removal - normally benign
External Urogenital Anatomy of the
Hamster - Male vs. Female
distance between urinary orifice and anus in the male is much larger than female
Reproduction – Rabbit Female
Gestation period (28-33d, usually 31-32)
Give birth underground
Altricial young
Postpartum oestrus within 24 hours of kindling
Induced ovulators – 10-13 hours postcoitus
No regular oestrus cycle
reproduction - rodents
Myomorphs altricial young Large litters (16-18 in hamsters) Weaned 6-10 weeks) Hystricomorphs – precoccial young
common reproductive disease
Neoplasia - Uterine Adenocarcinoma - v.common in unspayed female rabbits Pyometra Rabbit syphilis - Treponema cuniculi Mastitis Cystic ovaries Pregnancy toxaemia guinea pigs presented for being too fat
uterine adenocarcinoma
PCs - weight loss, vulval discharge, haematuria
Dx - PEx - abdominal palpation, Urinalysis (not v.useful), radiography, FNA/cytology
Rx - ovariohysterectomy
often too late for surgery upon discovery
ferret reproductive disease
Female - Hyperoestrogenism / Oestrogen Toxicity - severe anaemia - common
Male - Prosatatic hypertrophy - associated with hyperadrenocorticism
rabbit surgery - considerations
Food and Water Analgesia Body temperature Positioning Stress Suture material
rabbit surgery - food + water
rabbits cannot vomit
no overnight withholding of food
fast for only a couple of hours prior to surgery
do not withhold water
encourage to eat as soon as possible post surgery
rabbit surgery - analgesia
opiods
NSAIDS
rabbit surgery - body temp, positioning + stress
extra heating
raise head + thorax
minimise stress - keep from cats + dogs
rabbit surgery - suture material
degradable - not catgut
suture pattern - subcuticular not simple or mattress as rabbits nibble
staples - quick + rabbits don’t mind
common reasons for reproductive surgery
ovariohysterectomy (including adenocarcimona) castration
vasectomy
caesarian
reasons for spaying female rabbits
uterine adenocarcinoma
behaviour
pyometra
population control
rabbit spay
abundant adipose tissue
friable uterus
long oviduct
rabbit castrations
behaviour + population control
Prescrotal, Scrotal*, Open or Closed
