Reproduction & Adaptations Flashcards S2

Question 1

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 1

The process of reproduction that requires 1 parent who shares 100% of the offspring’s genetic information.

Question 2

Binary Fission

Answer 2

A form of asexual reproduction where every organelle is copied and the organism divides in two.

Question 3

Budding

Answer 3

A form of asexual reproduction where a new individual develops from an outgrowth of a parent splits off and lives independently.

Question 4

Regeneration

Answer 4

Occurs when a body part has broken off and the organism grows a new one.

Question 5

Fragmentation

Answer 5

A form of asexual reproduction where a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals.

Question 6

Vegetative Propagation/Plant Cuttings

Answer 6

The production of plants from parts of plants.

Question 7

Grafting

Answer 7

To unite a shoot or bud from one plant, with a growing plant by insertion or placing in close contact.

Question 8

Layering

Answer 8

The development of roots on a stem while the stem is still attached to the parent plant.

Question 9

Tuber

Answer 9

Stems that grow underground. They develop when stem branches grow down into the ground and swell up with starch-containing cells. The buds on the tubers will grow into new plants. (Modified versions of Rhizomes)

Question 10

Runner

Answer 10

Above the ground stems from which new plants can grow.

Question 11

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 11

A form of reproduction where two parents are needed and produced genetically varied offspring

Question 12

Mitosis

Answer 12

The process where animal cells divide and is an example of asexual reproduction.

Question 13

Structural Adaptation

Answer 13

A physical feature of an organism that helps it survive to reproduce.

Question 14

Behavioral Adaptation

Answer 14

Ways an organism acts to help them survive in their environment.

Question 15

What are some advantages to asexual reproduction?

Answer 15

Produces more offspring, takes less time, population grows 2x faster, only 1 parent needed, requires less energy, and plants can reproduce even when conditions aren’t right for germination.

Question 16

What are some examples of asexual reproduction?

Answer 16

Mitosis, Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation, Regeneration, Vegetative Propagation: Budding, Grafting, Layering, Cuttings, Runners, Tubers, Bulbs, Rhizomes, Plantlets.

Question 17

What are some disadvantages to asexual reproduction?

Answer 17

The disadvantages of asexual reproduction are the same DNA, no genetic variation, and if the parent has a disease, it will spread to the offspring. Also, it will have a hard time adapting if there are any changes in the environment. There will be much more competition in food especially because of a lot of offspring.

Question 18

What are some advantages to sexual reproduction?

Answer 18

Variation in offspring and the organism is more protected because of genetic variation.

Question 19

What are some disadvantages to sexual reproduction?

Answer 19

The disadvantages of sexual reproduction are that it requires two organisms to find their mate, requires more cellular energy, and more time required for offspring development. They also don’t produce much offspring.

Question 20

What are some examples of asexual reproduction?

Answer 20

Mitosis, Binary Fission, Budding, Regeneration, Fragmentation, Vegetative Propagation: Budding, Grafting, Layering, Cuttings, Tubers, Runners, Bulbs, Plantlets, Rhizomes

Question 21

Name the two types of sexual reproduction.

Answer 21

Internally and Externally.

Question 22

Give 3 examples of structural adaptations in animals.

Answer 22

Echolocation, Camouflage, Mimicry

Question 23

Give me an example of structural adaptation in plants.

Answer 23

The way some plants have adapted to like in dry, hot deserts.

• Brightly colored flowers that attract pollinators.

Question 24

Give 3 examples of behavioral adaptations in animals.

Answer 24

Migration, Hibernation, Hunting in Packs, Warning Calls, Mating Dances

Question 25

To produce offspring, humans reproduce _______. To produce new body cells, humans will undergo ______ which is a form of _____ reproduction.

Answer 25

sexually, mitosis, asexual

Question 26

What are 3 things that might kill off a poorly adapted individual struggling to survive in a population?

Answer 26

Predators, Limited Food & Water, Environment

Question 27

Mrs. Chambers visits a friend and sees a new variety of ivy that she does not have. She asks for a clipping of ivy and places it in water to “root it”. After roots appear, she plants the clipping in soil, This is an example of ______ reproduction.

Answer 27

Asexual

Question 28

A certain population of jungle birds has mostly green feathers. Few of these birds have brown feathers. Describe a change that could cause the brown feathered birds to become more common than green.

Answer 28

The trees could die out and turn brown making the whole environment a brown theme, so the birds would have to blend in and adapt, so that they can hide from predators.

Question 29

Goats have eyes on the side of their head, How could this adaptation be beneficial to the goat?

Answer 29

This adaptation would be beneficial to the goat because it could see to the left and right without turning.

(Dharani’s Answer) The goat can see from many directions so that they can protect themselves from predators.

Question 30

2 new cells form from a single bacterial cell. This is an example of __________ reproduction.

Answer 30

Asexual

Question 31

Farmer Smith is trying to improve the offspring his cattle produce without the expense of buying a pedigree bull. Dr. Jones, the veterinarian, artificially inseminates one of Farmer Smith’s cows. This is an example of _______ reproduction.

Answer 31

Sexual

Question 32

A fish hiding from predators is an example of which type of adaptation?

Answer 32

Behavioral

Question 33

Swallows (a type of bird) that inhabit the UK during the spring and summer fly to southern Africa during the cold UK winters.

a. Is this structural or behavioral adaptation?
b. What is this called?

Answer 33

a - Behavioral Adaptation

b - Migration

Question 34

A giraffe has a long neck in order to better reach leaves to eat. This is an example of a ___________ adaptation.

Answer 34

Structural

Question 35

A plant has brightly colored flowers in order to attract pollinators. This is an example of a ____________ adaptation.

Answer 35

Structural