DNA & Cell Cycle Flashcards S2
What is DNA?
DNA is a molecule that contains the information that determines the traits that a living things inherits.
What are the Nitrogen Bases (just list the 4)?
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine
What are Chromosomes?
Chromosomes are one of the structures in the nucleus that is made up of DNA and protein.
What are genes?
Genes consists of a string of DNA that gives the cell information on how to make a specific trait.
What are chromatin?
Chromatin are chromosomes uncoiled and spread out in the nucleus (thread-like).
What are chromatids?
Chromatids are chromosomes condensed into rod-like structures that occur in pairs in the shape of an x.
What is the centromere?
Sister chromatids that are held together in place.
What is the cell cycle? Why is this cycle important?
The cell cycle is a cycle where eukaryotic cells are formed and then divide and form into new cells. It’s important because it’s needed for growth and to replace dead cells.
What is the Interphase?
The cell prepares for division.
What is G1 in the Interphase?
The cell grows and does its job.
What is S in the Interphase?
Chromosomes (DNA) are copied in the nucleus.
What is G2 in the Interphase?
Organelles are replicated.
What is Mitosis?
Forms 2 new nuclei in daughter cells each with a complete set of chromosomes.
What is Prophase?
Chromosomes condense into rod-like structures called Chromatids and the centrioles move to the opposite sides of the nucleus & the spindle fibers appear.
What is Metaphase?
Chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell and Homologous Chromosomes pair up.