Heredity/Genetics S2

Question 1

Heredity *

Answer 1

The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

Question 2

Genetics*

Answer 2

The study of how traits are inherited.

Question 3

Punnett Square *

Answer 3

A diagram that predicts the way genes will be combined when passed from parent to offspring.

Question 4

Trait *

Answer 4

The different forms of characteristics.

Question 5

Allele *

Answer 5

The different forms of a trait that a gene might have.

Question 6

Homozygous*

Answer 6

An organism with 2 alleles for 1 trait that are the same.

Question 7

Pure Dominant*

Answer 7

The same genetic information for a trait from each parent that is made up of all dominant traits.

Question 8

Pure Recessive*

Answer 8

The same genetic information for a trait from each parent that is made up of all recessive traits.

Question 9

Heterozygous *

Answer 9

An organism with 2 different alleles for 1 trait.

Question 10

Hybrid*

Answer 10

Different genetic information for a trait from each parent that is made up of a combination of a dominant and recessive trait.

Question 11

Phenotype*

Answer 11

The way an organism looks as a result of its genotype; physical appearance.

Question 12

Genotype *

Answer 12

The genetic makeup of an organism. It’s the combination of alleles that an organism gets from its parents.

Question 13

An organism with one dominant and one recessive trait is said to be _______________.

Answer 13

Heterozygous

Question 14

The physical appearance of an organism is the organisms (1)_____________ and the genetic makeup of an organism is the organisms (2)______________.

Answer 14

1 - Phenotype

2 - Genotype

Question 15

What is it called when something is probably going to happen?

Answer 15

Probability

Question 16

If we breed TT with Tt, what is the probability of receiving TT?

Answer 16

50%

Question 17

What is a distinguishing quality that can be passed from one generation to another?*

Answer 17

Trait

Question 18

The trait that appears.*

Answer 18

Dominant

Question 19

If we breed TT with TT, what is the probability of receiving TT?

Answer 19

100%

Question 20

What was the name of the father of genetics?

Answer 20

Gregor Mendel

Question 21

If we breed TT with tt, what is the probability of receiving tt?

Answer 21

0%

Question 22

The trait that recedes into the background.*

Answer 22

Recessive

Question 23

The genotype Rr means…

Answer 23

Hybrid or Heterozygous

Question 24

What are the possible genotypes for dominant traits?

Answer 24

TT, Tt

Question 25

In some breeds of rabbits, white fur is dominant to black fur. Two parents with white fur produce an offspring with black fur. To express black fur in its phenotype, what would the offspring need to have inherited from each parent?

Answer 25

The parents of the offspring would need to have a recessive allele for black fur, which means that they need to be heterozygous.

Question 26

The characteristic of having dimples (D) is dominant to the characteristic of not having dimples (d). The cross is between a dimpled person and a non-dimpled person shown below. (Cross: DD x dd) What percentage of the offspring from this cross will most likely NOT have dimples?

Answer 26

There will be a 0% chance that the offspring will not have dimples.

Question 27

What are the possible genotypes of an offspring from a Tt x tt cross?

Answer 27

Tt,tt

Question 28

Brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b). What is the probability of phenotypes that will result from a cross between 2 heterozygous brown-eyed parents?

Answer 28

75% Brown Eyes and 25% Blue Eyes

Question 29

2 alleles are expressed in each trait. How many alleles will a person receive from each of their parents?*

Answer 29

They would get 1 copied allele from each parent.

Question 30

Describe a situation in which a recessive trait would show in a person’s phenotype.*

Answer 30

A recessive trait would appear in the phenotype if it was a pure trait.

Question 31

If both mom and dad have black hair, what is the chance that the offspring will have black hair?

Answer 31

High probability