Reproduction Flashcards
Why reproduce?
pass on genetic material
continue species
2 types of reproduction
sexual
asexual
4 Ways sexual reproduction differs in species
- dioecious v monoecious
- internal v external fertilisation
- oviparous v viviparous
- few v many offspring
Comparisons of asexual and sexual reproduction
Asexual
- 1 parent
- genetically identical
- time and energy efficient
- rapid population growth
sexual
- 2 parents
- genetic variation
- more time and energy
- slower
What is fission
= parent cell divides into equal parts
2 types of fission
binary
multiple
what is budding
= parent cell divides into 2 unequal parts
what is fragmentation
fragments of an organism can break off and become a new organism
what is vegetative propagation
where a new plant grows from a fragment of a parent plant
what is parthenogenesis
= unfertilised egg develops into a new individual
what is meiosis
= halfs DNA from 1 diploid cell into 4 haploid cells
what is polyploidy
= when an organism has 2 or more sets of chromosomes due to meiosis error
what is alternation of generations
= other haploid and diploid forms are multicellular
how do plants reproduce
pollen produced in the stamen lands on the stigma to fertilise the ovules
abiotic factors e.g.
wind
rain
water
biotic factors
bees
flower patterns
orchid scents
