Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Animal Science > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

What would happen, if after ovulation, the ovum fails to progress down the oviduct?

A

Gestational anestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of reproduction in Mother Nature

A

propagation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the role of reproduction in agriculture

A

efficiency

how to make money in a livestock industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How important is reproduction

A

profitability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is puberty

A

transition from immature to mature reproductive to hormonal state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How to determine puberty

A 
Age
Nutrition
Season
Health 
Secondary sexual characteristics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Estrus

A

period when an animal is receptive to breeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Estrous cycle

A

cycle of estrus/anestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gestation

A

period from conception to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Puberty in cattle

A

8-14 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Puberty in Goats

A

4-8 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Puberty in Sheep

A

4-8 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Puberty in Horses

A

10-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Puberty in Poultry

A

4-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Puberty in Swine

A

5-7 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Puberty in Dogs

A

5-24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Puberty in Cats

A

4-18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Estrus cycle in Cattle

A

21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Estrus cycle in Goats

A

21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Estrus cycle in Sheep

A

16-17 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Estrus cycle in Horses

A

21-23 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Estrus cycle in Poultry

A

daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Estrus cycle in Swine

A

21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gestation in Cattle

A

285 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Gestation in Goats
150 days
26
Gestation in Sheep
147 days
27
Gestation in Horses
336 days
28
Gestation in Swine
114 days
29
Gestation in Dogs
52 days
30
Gestation in Cats
60 days
31
Age at first parturition in Cattle
2 years
32
Age at first parturition in Goats
1-2 years
33
Age at first parturition in Sheep
1-2 years
34
Age at first parturition in Horse
3-4+ years
35
Age at first parturition in Poultry
16-24 weeks
36
Age at first parturition in Swine
10-11 months
37
Age at first parturition in Dogs
8-26 months
38
Age at first parturition in Cats
6-20 months
39
Term for parturition in Cattle
Calving
40
Term for parturition in Goats
Kidding
41
Term for parturition in Sheep
Lambing
42
Term for parturition in Horses
Foaling
43
Term for parturition in Poultry
Laying
44
Term for parturition in Swine
Farrowing
45
Term for parturition in Dogs
Whelping
46
Term for parturition in Cats
Queening
47
Male Gonad
Testis
48
Male Gametogenesis
Sperm
49
Male Steroidogenesis
Testosterone
50
Female Gonad
Ovaries
51
Female Gametogenesis
Ovals (eggs)
52
Female Steroidogenesis
Estrogen
53
The males role
produce ample quantities of semen | produce sperm + seminal fluids
54
Seek out receptive female
libido
55
Mount and Service
Structure- males have to be able to move
56
Testicles major role
steroidogenesis- testostererone | Gametagenesis- sperm
57
Scrotum
temperature regulation | -sperm need t be 4-6 degree Celsius below body temp
58
Epididymis
sperm storage sperm maturation transport and concentration of semen
59
Accessory Glands
Ampulla, Seminal Vesicles, Prostate, Bulbourethral Glands
60
Accessory Glands Function
Provide nutrients | buffers to fluid to the sperm
61
Vas Deferens
reproductive ducts from the testes and epididymis
62
Penis function
copulation (sexual intercorse)
63
Three type of penis
Fibroelastic‐Sigmoid Vascular Os
64
Fibroelastic Penis (Sigmoid flexure)
S‐shaped retractor muscle | controls extension & retraction of the penis
65
Animals with fibroelastic penis
Bull, Ram, Board
66
Vascular Penis
Corpora Cavernosa- Engorges with blood to cause erection
67
Animals with vascular penis
Horses
68
Os Penis
Small bone to assist with erection
69
Animals with Os penis
Found in dogs, cats & primates
70
Ovaries
production of ovum, estrogen and progesterone
71
Follicle
structure containing the egg | produce estrogen
72
Corpus luteum (CL)
structure left after ovulation | produce progesterone
73
Oviducts
site of fertilization
74
How does an egg get to the oviduct
during ovulation, the ovary is going to release an egg, picked up by the infundibulum, run the egg down the oviduct
75
Utures
implantation nutrient exchange embryonic to fetal development occurs
76
What happens if implantation occurs in the oviduct
Fetus will develop, oviduct will eventually erupt causing the offspring and mother to die.
77
Cervix
store and facilitate sperm transfer - in some species it can be store up to 5 days serves as a barrier during pregnancy
78
Vagina
copulatory | service the birth canal
79
Where does GnRH go
Into anterior pituitary
80
GNRH target tissue
Into anterior pituitary
81
Function of GnRH
stimulate release of FSH and LH
82
What does FSH stimulate
stimulates follicular growth
83
Function of FSH
stimulates follicular growth
84
Where is LH (Luteinizing Hormone) produced
Anterior pituitary
85
Function of LH
stimulate ovulation and maintenance of CL
86
LH target tissue
Follicle and Corpus Leteum
87
Where is estrogen produced
Follicle
88
Estrogen function
positive feedback to increase GnRH growth and development of the uterus responsible for estrus behavior triggers LH release
89
Estrogen tager tissue
Hypothalamus
90
Where is progesterone produce
Corpus Luteum (CL)
91
What does progesterone does
negative feedback on GnRH continue LH production maintains pregnancy blocks follicle growth
92
Where is Prostaglandin produce
Uterus
93
Function of prostaglandin
causes CL regression, which means that fertilization did not occur
94
Progesterone target tissue
Uterus and Hypothalamus
95
Where is Inhibin produced in females
Follicle
96
Function of Inhibin
Triggers LH | Negative feedback to regulate FSH in female and male
97
FSH target tissue
Follicle
98
Inhibin target tissue
Anterior pituitary
99
Hypothalamus produces _______, which stimulates the release of ____ inside the _____________. FSH is going to enter circulation and stimulate ____________ inside the _______. Follicles produce ________. Estrogen will stimulate _______ production, which will send _______ feedback to the anterior pituitary and eventually will cause a switch. Graafian follicle increases estrogen production which stimulates ___ surge. (The bigger the follicle, the more estrogen production, the more Inhibin negative feedback to the anterior pituitary causing a switch will then stop FSH and being producing LH). LH causes ________, which initiates the formation of __________. (Ovum is going to be release, picked up by the infundibulum, and go down the oviduct where remaining of follicle gets converted into CL). CL produces _________. Progesterone is going to feedback the __________ and the ________ and stop ______ production, resulting in a stable state of ___ production. This will allow a chance for fertilization to occur If the ovary is successful in delivery a fertilized egg, this cycle will happen until parturition. If fertilization does not happen, the degrading egg will send a signal to the _____, which stimulates the release of __________, which will shuts down ___, allowing the cycle to start again.
GnRH, FSH, anterior pituitary, follicle growth, ovaries, estrogen, Inhibin, negative, LH, ovulation, Corpus Luteum, progesterone, hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, GnRH, LH, uterus, prostaglandin, CL.
100
Stages of the Estrus cycle- Proestrus
``` CL regression Follicle growth (which increases estrogen) ```
101
Stages of the Estrus cycle- Estrus
Causes behavioral change Prepare uterus to receive embryo (Estrogen is high, Inhibin is high causing a switch from FSH to LH) causing ovulation
102
Stages of the Estrus cycle- Metestrus
Cessation of estrus | CL formation- producing progesterone
103
Stages of the Estrus cycle- Diestrus
Functional CL Period- study state of progesterone production, which will happen indefinitely unit something breaks the cycle.
104
Prepubertal anestrus
before puberty
105
Gestational Anestrus
during pregnancy
106
Postpartum Anestrus
after birth
107
Lactational Anestrus
Swine- as long as their lactating they are not entering into estrus
108
Nutritional (Anestrus)
If nutrient availability is low, some animals will not go into estrus.
109
1) Development of Follicle 2) Secretion of LH 3) Development of CL 4) CL Regression
1) Blister forming- stimulated by FSH- produces estrogen 2) causes ovulation to occur 3) produces progesterone 4) prostaglandin
110
Follicle Cyst
egg is not released Nymphomanla Fix with: Ovulation is caused by GnRH and LH, which causes the cycle
111
Luteal Cysts
failure to regress Cl gestational anestrous Fix with: Prostaglandin
112
Polyestrous Animals
multiple estrus cycles Ex: Humans, cattle, pigs
113
Monestrous animals
one estrus a year Ex: canines, wolves, bears
114
Induced Ovulators
estrus is initiated by copulation Ex: cats
115
Seasonal Polyestrous Animals
Short days: Sheet, goat, dears Long Day: horses Note: Melatonin is produced when is dark Short days- melatonin stimulates GnRH Long days: melatonin inhibits GnRH
116
Need to Properly Match Male & Female
``` Factors: Genotype Phenotype Environment Breeding Season ```
117
Mating Systems
Pasture Mating Pen Mating Hand Mating Artificial Insemination (AI
118
Estrus Synchronization
All Females Express Estrus at the Same Time Administration of Reproductive Hormones PGF2a-Regress CL Progesterone-“Give and Take” GnRH-Induces Follicle Turnover & Ovulation
119
Parturition
1. Relaxation of the Cervix 2. Offspring Assume Position of Least Resistance 3. Uterine Contractions 4. Expel Fetus 5. Expel “Afterbirth”
120
What are the signs of ready for parturition
milk solitary nervousness
121
Abnormal calf positions
``` One limb back One limb retained Head back Backwards Breech Upside‐down Transverse ``` Note: all of these are dystocia: difficult to give birth

Animal Science (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions