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Animal Science > Equine Industry > Flashcards

Equine Industry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

T/F Horses are livestock species

A

True

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2
Q

One or more domesticated animal raised in a agricultural setting to produce commodities

A

USDA definition of livestock

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3
Q

Animals raised in a farm setting used in a commercial enterprise

A

general definition of livestock

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4
Q

Pre-History is “educated guess” mostly from ____________

A

dental remains

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5
Q

Horse comes from the Anglo-Saxon word _____meaning __________

A

hos, swiftness

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6
Q

Genus of horse

A

Equus

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7
Q

Scientific name of horse

A

Equus caballus

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8
Q

Scientific name of Donkey

A

Equus asinus

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9
Q

50 million years ago, horse became extinct everywhere except

A

Africa and Asia

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10
Q

Horses are large prey animal, optimized with straight ______________ with _________

A

forward speed, endurance

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11
Q

Equus are the only _________ animals in the world

A

single-toed

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12
Q

Horses have long limbs for ________

A

laverage

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13
Q

Horses have muscles on top of the leg for maximum motion with minimum ______

A

flexion

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14
Q

Horse perceives and responds to the world differently from humans and this affects

A

temperament and trainability

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15
Q

Every ______ is designed to detect impending danger and _____ before “attack”.

A

sense, flee

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16
Q

T/F Horse are able to dodge, bend, turn, stop and leap as well as predators

A

False

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17
Q

Horses are masters in storing energy by:

  • Have reduced number of _______________ in the lower limb; and have __________ column per limb
  • Increase _______________ in the upper limb
  • Joints flex in __________ plane (front and back)
  • Folding of the limbs in flight is _______
A

bones and muscles, single bone

bone size and muscling

only one

passive

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18
Q

Horses were first used for

A

food (meat)

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19
Q

Domestication of horses occurred approximately _________ years ago

A

4000-6000

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20
Q

Horses impacted (6)

A
  • War
  • Social Economics
  • Industry
  • Agriculture
  • Transportation
  • Culture
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21
Q

Who invented the saddle and bridle

A

Scythians

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22
Q

Horses were reintroduced in North America by

A

Spanish Conquistadors

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23
Q

It’s believed that ____________ traded and dispersed horses throughout North America

A

Native Indians

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24
Q

Aside from food, horses were used for

A

work and recreation

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25
Q

T/F 100 yrs. ago, muscles provided 94% of the world’s energy needs. Coal, oil, and waterpower made up the other 6%. Today is the exact same.

A

False, today is the exact opposite

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26
Q

Horse power =

A

200Ib lifted 100ft/min

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27
Q

Who was the first winner of the Kentucky Derby “ Run for the Roses”

A

Aristides

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28
Q

What is the horse population worldwide

A

60 million

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29
Q

The U.S places ____ in the world with ____ horses

A

1st, 7.2 million

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30
Q

Why did the number of horses decreased

A

Economy
Combustion Engine
Increased mechanized military
Urbanization

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31
Q

Estimate cost of owning a horse on a yearly basis

A

$6,800

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32
Q

Horse industry total contribution to the U.S economy

A

122 billion

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33
Q

Horse industry direct contribution to GDP

A

50 billion

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34
Q

Horse industry total employment impact

A

1,744,747

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35
Q

Horse industry total economic impact

A

215 billion

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36
Q

Top three states with most horses in the U.S

A
  1. Texas
  2. California
  3. Florida
37
Q

Order of most contributor in the horse industry related to economic impact

A

Racing
Competition
Recreation
Work

38
Q

1 breed in terms of registration number

A

Quarter

39
Q

2 in terms of registration number

A

Thoroughbred

40
Q

T/F The horse industry has a greater economic impact on Florida’s economy than any other livestock industry

A

True

41
Q

practice of buying a horse with specific intention of re-selling for a profit, < 1 yr turnaround

A

Pinhooking

42
Q

Horse capital of the world, in Ocala, wins for having most

A

thoroughbred

43
Q

Famous Florida Horses:

Triple Crown winner - ________
Kentucky Derby winner - __________
3 time AQHA world champion - _________

A

Affirmed
Silver Charm
Rugged Lark

44
Q

Horse Industry Issues (6)

A
  • Unwanted horses
  • Waste management
  • Disease outbreak
  • Racing
  • Owners with little/no experience
  • High cost of ownership
45
Q

Name four careers in the horse industry aside from veterinarian

A
  1. Rodeo
  2. Breeding and Management
  3. Horse competition
  4. Nutritionist
46
Q

mature intact male

A

Stallion

47
Q

mature female

A

Mare

48
Q

castrated male

A

Gelding

49
Q

colt or filly before weaning

A

Foal

50
Q

immature female (under 3 yrs.)

A

Filly

51
Q

immature male (under 3 yrs.)

A

Colt

52
Q

still nursing foal

A

Suckling

53
Q

colt or filly weaned from dam

A

Weanling

54
Q

colt or filly betw. 1 and 2 yrs. old

A

Yearling

55
Q

spring of yearling year

A

Short Yearling

56
Q

fall of yearling year

A

Long Yearling

57
Q

Light breed measure ______ hands

A

14-16

58
Q

Large breeds measure _____ hands

A

15-17

59
Q

Draft breeds measure _____ hands

A

16-18

60
Q

Ponies must measure under ____ hands

A

14.2

61
Q

Miniature cannot be taller than ____ inches

A

38

62
Q

Calculating weight in horses

A

(heart girth x heart girth x length / 300) + 30

63
Q

Horse are ____________ herbivores

A

non-ruminant

64
Q

Horse have _________ fermentation

A

Hind-gut

65
Q

Horses graze ________ of their day

A

50-80%

66
Q

Horse must ______ to salivate

A

chew

67
Q

Horse have _____ stomach capacity

A

small

68
Q

Horses cannot

A

regurgitate

69
Q

Horses should be feed _____ in DM of their body weight

A

1.5-3%

70
Q

Normal body temperature in horses

A

100F

71
Q

Normal mature heart rate

A

28-40 bpm

72
Q

Heart rate of new born foals

A

80-120 bpm

73
Q

To determine pulse of a horse, press your fingers against

A

an artery

74
Q

Normal respiration rate in horses

A

8-16 bpm

75
Q

T/F The respiration rate of a horse should exceed the heart rate

A

False

76
Q

T/F Gut sounds are caused by contraction/relaxation of digestive tract during digestion

A

True

77
Q

T/F Absence of gut sounds is normal in horse

A

False

78
Q

Mucosal Color should be

A

moist and pink

79
Q

How to determine capillary refill time

A

Press thumb on gum and release. It takes 2 s for blood and normal color to return

80
Q

Horses are _________ breeders

A

seasonal

81
Q

Horses have a _____ gestation period

A

340

82
Q

T/F Repro Technology embraced by all breeds including the Jockey Club

A

False

83
Q

The Jockey Club requires that all their horses are bred through

A

natural service

84
Q

“no _____, no horse”

A

foot

85
Q

bruise in the angle of the bars and hoof wall caused by conformation

A

corn

86
Q

Disease of the frog

A

Thrush

87
Q

infection of sensitive tissues

A

abscesses

88
Q

Recognized breeds

A

association with stud book

89
Q

Distinct and unique Colonial Spanish breed. Voted the state’s official heritage horse, May 2, 2008

A

Florida Cracker

Animal Science (13 decks)

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