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Equine Industry Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Horses are livestock species

A

True

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2
Q

One or more domesticated animal raised in a agricultural setting to produce commodities

A

USDA definition of livestock

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3
Q

Animals raised in a farm setting used in a commercial enterprise

A

general definition of livestock

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4
Q

Pre-History is “educated guess” mostly from ____________

A

dental remains

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5
Q

Horse comes from the Anglo-Saxon word _____meaning __________

A

hos, swiftness

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6
Q

Genus of horse

A

Equus

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7
Q

Scientific name of horse

A

Equus caballus

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8
Q

Scientific name of Donkey

A

Equus asinus

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9
Q

50 million years ago, horse became extinct everywhere except

A

Africa and Asia

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10
Q

Horses are large prey animal, optimized with straight ______________ with _________

A

forward speed, endurance

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11
Q

Equus are the only _________ animals in the world

A

single-toed

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12
Q

Horses have long limbs for ________

A

laverage

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13
Q

Horses have muscles on top of the leg for maximum motion with minimum ______

A

flexion

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14
Q

Horse perceives and responds to the world differently from humans and this affects

A

temperament and trainability

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15
Q

Every ______ is designed to detect impending danger and _____ before “attack”.

A

sense, flee

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16
Q

T/F Horse are able to dodge, bend, turn, stop and leap as well as predators

A

False

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17
Q

Horses are masters in storing energy by:

  • Have reduced number of _______________ in the lower limb; and have __________ column per limb
  • Increase _______________ in the upper limb
  • Joints flex in __________ plane (front and back)
  • Folding of the limbs in flight is _______
A

bones and muscles, single bone

bone size and muscling

only one

passive

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18
Q

Horses were first used for

A

food (meat)

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19
Q

Domestication of horses occurred approximately _________ years ago

A

4000-6000

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20
Q

Horses impacted (6)

A
  • War
  • Social Economics
  • Industry
  • Agriculture
  • Transportation
  • Culture
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21
Q

Who invented the saddle and bridle

A

Scythians

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22
Q

Horses were reintroduced in North America by

A

Spanish Conquistadors

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23
Q

It’s believed that ____________ traded and dispersed horses throughout North America

A

Native Indians

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24
Q

Aside from food, horses were used for

A

work and recreation

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25
T/F 100 yrs. ago, muscles provided 94% of the world’s energy needs. Coal, oil, and waterpower made up the other 6%. Today is the exact same.
False, today is the exact opposite
26
Horse power =
200Ib lifted 100ft/min
27
Who was the first winner of the Kentucky Derby “ Run for the Roses”
Aristides
28
What is the horse population worldwide
60 million
29
The U.S places ____ in the world with ____ horses
1st, 7.2 million
30
Why did the number of horses decreased
Economy Combustion Engine Increased mechanized military Urbanization
31
Estimate cost of owning a horse on a yearly basis
$6,800
32
Horse industry total contribution to the U.S economy
122 billion
33
Horse industry direct contribution to GDP
50 billion
34
Horse industry total employment impact
1,744,747
35
Horse industry total economic impact
215 billion
36
Top three states with most horses in the U.S
1. Texas 2. California 3. Florida
37
Order of most contributor in the horse industry related to economic impact
Racing Competition Recreation Work
38
#1 breed in terms of registration number
Quarter
39
#2 in terms of registration number
Thoroughbred
40
T/F The horse industry has a greater economic impact on Florida’s economy than any other livestock industry
True
41
practice of buying a horse with specific intention of re-selling for a profit, < 1 yr turnaround
Pinhooking
42
Horse capital of the world, in Ocala, wins for having most
thoroughbred
43
Famous Florida Horses: Triple Crown winner - ________ Kentucky Derby winner - __________ 3 time AQHA world champion - _________
Affirmed Silver Charm Rugged Lark
44
Horse Industry Issues (6)
- Unwanted horses - Waste management - Disease outbreak - Racing - Owners with little/no experience - High cost of ownership
45
Name four careers in the horse industry aside from veterinarian
1. Rodeo 2. Breeding and Management 3. Horse competition 4. Nutritionist
46
mature intact male
Stallion
47
mature female
Mare
48
castrated male
Gelding
49
colt or filly before weaning
Foal
50
immature female (under 3 yrs.)
Filly
51
immature male (under 3 yrs.)
Colt
52
still nursing foal
Suckling
53
colt or filly weaned from dam
Weanling
54
colt or filly betw. 1 and 2 yrs. old
Yearling
55
spring of yearling year
Short Yearling
56
fall of yearling year
Long Yearling
57
Light breed measure ______ hands
14-16
58
Large breeds measure _____ hands
15-17
59
Draft breeds measure _____ hands
16-18
60
Ponies must measure under ____ hands
14.2
61
Miniature cannot be taller than ____ inches
38
62
Calculating weight in horses
(heart girth x heart girth x length / 300) + 30
63
Horse are ____________ herbivores
non-ruminant
64
Horse have _________ fermentation
Hind-gut
65
Horses graze ________ of their day
50-80%
66
Horse must ______ to salivate
chew
67
Horse have _____ stomach capacity
small
68
Horses cannot
regurgitate
69
Horses should be feed _____ in DM of their body weight
1.5-3%
70
Normal body temperature in horses
100F
71
Normal mature heart rate
28-40 bpm
72
Heart rate of new born foals
80-120 bpm
73
To determine pulse of a horse, press your fingers against
an artery
74
Normal respiration rate in horses
8-16 bpm
75
T/F The respiration rate of a horse should exceed the heart rate
False
76
T/F Gut sounds are caused by contraction/relaxation of digestive tract during digestion
True
77
T/F Absence of gut sounds is normal in horse
False
78
Mucosal Color should be
moist and pink
79
How to determine capillary refill time
Press thumb on gum and release. It takes 2 s for blood and normal color to return
80
Horses are _________ breeders
seasonal
81
Horses have a _____ gestation period
340
82
T/F Repro Technology embraced by all breeds including the Jockey Club
False
83
The Jockey Club requires that all their horses are bred through
natural service
84
“no _____, no horse"
foot
85
bruise in the angle of the bars and hoof wall caused by conformation
corn
86
Disease of the frog
Thrush
87
infection of sensitive tissues
abscesses
88
Recognized breeds
association with stud book
89
Distinct and unique Colonial Spanish breed. Voted the state’s official heritage horse, May 2, 2008
Florida Cracker

Animal Science (13 decks)

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