Reproduction 1 Flashcards
List 4 examples of Asexual Reproduction.
- Budding
- Fission
- Regeneration & Fragmentation
- Parthrogenesis
In Parthrogenesis, the Diploid Fertilized Egg becomes a ______, while the Haploid Unfertilized Egg becomes a ____.
Female
Male
SEQ General Life Cycle starting with Fertilization
- Fertilization occurs
- Diploid Zygote is formed
- Zygote undergoes mitosis, grows into Adult
- Adult undergoes Meiosis, produces gametes
- Sperm (M) and Egg (F) combine via Fertilization, cycle repeats
Testes contain these tubes that are the site of Sperm production.
Seminiferous Tubes
The Testes contain these cells that allow for the production of the hormone Testosterone
Leydig Cells
The Epididymis has two main functions, what are they?
- Hold Sperm until ejaculation
- Transport Sperm
What is a Scrotum and what is its function?
- Skin-covered sacks that allow the testes to extend from the body
- Allow for the production of sperm, as sperm cannot form at body temperature.
What is the main function of the Penis?
Deliver Sperm
What 3 things does the penis contain?
- Geins (Tip)
- Foreskin
- Erectile Tissue
What are the 3 main Accessory Glands?
- Seminal Vesicles
- Bulbourethral Glands
- Prostate Gland
Seminal Vesicles produce fluid that is rich in what two things?
Fructose and Prostaglandins
The Bulbourethrall Gland releases _____ to neutralize acidity in Urine
Mucus
The Prostate Glands contain _ _ fluids. These fluids ensure that semen is not too thick.
Anti Coagulant
SEQ Sperm Production
1.) Primordial Germ Cells divide into Spermatogonial Stem Cells
2.) Spermatogonial Cells undergo Mitosis, form Spermatogonia
3.) Some Spermatogonia become PRIMARY SPERMOCYTES
4.) Primary Spermocytes undergo Meiosis 1 to become Secondary Spermocytes, and Meoisis 2 to become Spermatids
5.) Spermatids differentiate into Mature sperm cells
In Sperm Production, what forms after Primary Spermocyte undergoes Meiosis 1?
Secondary (2) Spermocyte
SEQ Sperm Path
E (Epididymis)
VD (Vas Deferens)
S - PC (Scrotum - Pelvic Cavity)
ED (Ejaculatory Ducts)
U (Urethra)
SEQ Male Endocrinology
Hypothalamus releases Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
|
Anterior Pituitary is stimulated - releases 2 gonadotropins - Luteinizing Hormone (LH) & Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
|
LH stimulates Leydig Cells - Allow for the production of Testosterone
|
FSH stimulates development of Seminiferous Tubes in testes allowing for spermatogenesis
FSH also stimulate Sertoli Cells - release Androgen Binding Proteins (ABP) - helps maintain high levels of testosterone
Sertoli Cells secrete Inhibin - Inhibit the release of LH & FSH by the A.P ONLY!
- Testosterone can inhibit A.P and HYPOTHALAMUS
HD Male Endocrinology. Predict what will happen if there is a LH deficiency
Leydig cells will not be stimulated/ targeted - low testosterone production
HD Male Endocrinology. Predict what will happen if there is a LSH deficiency
Seminiferous tubes will not be developed - no spermatogenesis
Sertoli cells will not be stimulated - No Inhibin & no ABP will be released - high levels of testosterone will not be maintained
What happens if there is a defect in the Hypothalamus that prevents the release of GnRH
A.P will not be stimulated - LH and LSH will not be secreted - Low testosterone & no spermatogenesis will occur
E
VD
ED
U
Eat (Epididymis)
Various Different (Vas Deferens)
Eat Da (Ejaculatory Ducts)
Universe (Urethra)
Pair the following glands with the structure they correspond to during spermatogenesis
A. Seminal Vesicles
B. Prostate Gland
C. Bulbourethral Gland
A.) Seminal Vesicles - Vas Deferens
B.) Prostate Gland - Ejaculatory Duct
C.) Bulbourethral Gland - Urethra
What are the 3 parts of the sperm?
1.) Head - contains acrosomes and nucleus
2.) Midpiece - Contains Mitochondria for Energy
3.) Flagella - Tail
