Repro Part 4 Sex Determination - Fetal Endocrine updated Flashcards
Which gamete is responsible for the sex of the child and why?
The sperm because it carries either an X or Y chromosome.
what makes up the 46 chromosomes in the somatic cells?
22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
how many chromosomes make up the composition of somatic cells?
46 chromosomes
What happens during meiosis in terms of chromosome number?
the chromosome number reduces from 46 diploid to 23 haploid
At 6 weeks, what is the fetal reproductive structure?
The fetus has a bipotential primordium and rudimentary reproductive tracts.
What is special about the Y chromosome?
contains SRY gene that promotes testes development.
What does the SRY gene code for?
a transcription factor known as TDF or testes-determining factor.
What role does the SRY gene play in fetal development?
promotes the formation of testes and the development of male structures.
What does AMH stand for and what is its function? (3)
Anti-Müllerian hormone
promotes the development of Sertoli cells
represses female structures.
What is the role of SOX9 in gonadal development? (2)
initiates Sertoli cell differentiation
organizes testis structure.
what hormones influences the development of male structures?
Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone
What happens to XX structures without AMH and testosterone?
Müllerian ducts persist and develop into female-like structures.
What is complete androgen insensitivity?
A condition where androgen receptors are non-functional, leading to female-like external structures despite XY chromosomes.
What occurs at the onset of puberty and what does it cause?
The GnRH system is activated, leading to rapid growth and sexual maturation.
How is puberty regulated?
hormonal signals
