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PSL300H1F - Human Physiology I > Endocrine Part 2 Miliotic > Flashcards

Endocrine Part 2 Miliotic Flashcards

1
Q

are hydrophilic hormones water soluble?

A

yes

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2
Q

what happens when water-soluble hormones reach the plasma?

A

Dissolve in plasma

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3
Q

can hydrophilic hormones cross the plasma membrane?

A

no

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4
Q

what are examples of hydrophilic hormones?

A

Peptide hormones, protein hormones, catecholamines

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5
Q

what are examples of hydrophobic hormones?

A

Steroid hormones, thyroid hormones

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6
Q

are hydrophobic hormones water soluble?

A

Not water-soluble

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7
Q

can hydrophobic hormones freely cross the plasma membrane, why or why not?

A

Lipid-soluble, cross-plasma membranes

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8
Q

what are steroid hormones made from?

A

Made from cholesterol

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9
Q

How are peptide/protein hormones synthesized and released?

A

Made in advance

Stored in vesicles

Released by exocytosis

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10
Q

how are steroid hormones made?

A

Synthesized on demand

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11
Q

how are steroid hormones released?

A

Released by diffusion

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12
Q

What are amine hormones derived from?

A

Tryptophan or Tyrosine

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13
Q

what are examples of amine hormones and what amino acid are they derived from?

A

Melatonin from tryptophan, Catecholamines from tyrosine, Thyroid hormones

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14
Q

How do peptide/protein hormones travel in the blood and what do they bind to?

A

Dissolved in plasma

Bind to membrane receptors

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15
Q

what is the half-life of peptide/protein hormones?

A

short

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16
Q

How do steroid hormones travel and enter cells?

A

Bound to carrier proteins

Diffuse into cells or taken up by endocytosis

17
Q

what is the half-life of steroid hormones?

A

long

18
Q

What stimuli triggers hormone release?

A

Metabolites (e.g., glucose)
Neurohormones
Neurotransmitters

19
Q

What is the process of synergistic effects in hormones?

A

Multiple hormones act together for a greater effect

20
Q

what is an example of synergistic effects?

A

FSH and testosterone on sperm production

21
Q

What is the process of permissive effects in hormones?

A

One hormone enhances an organ’s response to a later hormone

22
Q

what is an example of permissive effects?

A

Estrogen prepares the uterus for progesterone

23
Q

What is the process of antagonistic effects in hormones?

A

One hormone opposes another

24
Q

what is an example of antagonistic effects?

A

Insulin lowers blood glucose, glucagon raises it

PSL300H1F - Human Physiology I (42 decks)

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