Repro

Question 1

When do we start doing CTGs ?

Answer 1

27 weeks - before then it is common to look abnormal

Question 2

How do we interpret ctgs?

Answer 2

DR C BRAVADO

DR - determine risk eg small baby
c - contractions - present? Spontaneous/augmented (oxytocin)/regular/how many in 10 mins - labour (3/4 in 10 mins)
BR - Baseline fetal heart rate - 120 normal
A - accelerations
V - variability
D - decelerations
O - overall impression

Question 3

Reassuring values - Hr and variability on ctg

Answer 3

HR - 110-160
Variability- 5-25bpm

Question 4

Acceleration and deceleration amount on a ctg

Answer 4

15bpm change - last for at least 15 seconds

5bpm = 1 little box
15 sec = half a box

Question 5

What is shouldering on a ctg and is it reassuring?

Answer 5

When there is a quick increase in heart rate before and after a deceleration

Question 6

What is one of the most important part of ctg to look at?

Answer 6

Variability

Question 7

Sinusoidal ecg means what

Answer 7

NEEDS delivery ASAP

sign if bleeding

Question 8

What does terbutaline do?

Answer 8

Slows down contractions (tar sp= slow)

Question 9

What is the greene climeric scale and when do we use it?

Answer 9

Menopause symptoms and severity

Used to monitor and decide what hrt therapy

Question 10

Still having periods, but menopause symptoms do we begin treatment?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Following gnhr analogues will periods resume?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Vaginal estrogen do we still give progesterone?

Answer 12

No as such a low dose

Question 13

Hrt risks

Answer 13

VTE
cardiovascular
Breast cancer

Question 14

Why do we get urinary in continuance in menopause

Answer 14

Due to atrophy (same embryological tissues as vag so same atrophy)

Can give topical oestrogen

Question 15

anaemia
pain mnestrual cycle