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A - Placement > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Scaly skin

A

Epidermis

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2
Q

Macule

A

Little lesion 5mm or less. Flat topped wouldn’t be able to see it really

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3
Q

Guttate meaning

A

Raindrop, sore little lesions

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4
Q

What is a classic presentation of guttate psoriasis

A

Strep throat before, then flakey

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5
Q

Any rash prescribe what

A

Emollient

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6
Q

Guttate psoriasis treatment

A

UVB therapy

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7
Q

Describing rashes

A

Symmetry
Size
Location
Layer of the skin

Well defined (peoriasis), not as well defined (exzeme)

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8
Q

Eczema and dermatitis are 5ey interchangeable

A

No

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9
Q

Unilateral dermatitis

A

Think FUNGAL

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10
Q

How can we determine if it is fungal

A

Skin scrapings

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11
Q

Type of allergy contact dermatitis

A

Type 4 delayed H5. Determined by patch testing

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12
Q

Common allergens

A

Fragrance, rubber, preservatives, nickel

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13
Q

Contact dermatitis treatment

A

Really troublesome = dermavate for a weak or two
Greasy thick moisturiser

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14
Q

Exclamation mark hair. Treatment what type of condition

A

Alopecia

arimata - circular patches
Universale - while head

Autoimmune condition

Intradermal steroid

JAK inhibitors

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15
Q

Actinic keritosis is what. Bigger flatter things are what

A

Sun lesion, scaling of the skin on sun places in old places

Bigger could be Boeings (squamous carcinoma in situ) or squamous cell carcinomas

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16
Q

Treatment for Boeings

A

Ethudste 5 flurouricil

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17
Q

Vitiligo - cause, what is it? Treatment

A

Autoimmune

Loss of pigment from melanocytes

Topical steroids, see if they work.
Tacrolimus (immunosuppressant) ointment not a steroid .
UVB therapy

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18
Q

Psoriasis plaque treatment

A

Trio ate

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19
Q

How do we work out if it is a nasty drug rash or not (with wide spread blanching erytheratamous)

A

If it spreads to the mucosa or not

20
Q

Drug reaction rash treatment

A

Stop the drug
Emollient
Non potent steroid

Remember emollient and steroids are often the treatment

21
Q

Where are scabies usually

A

Axilla
Armpits
Back of hands
Wrists
Belt lick around the abdomen
Genitalia
Front of knee
Side of foot

22
Q

Itchy nodules on penile shaft

A

Scabies

23
Q

BCC do you get tree like telengatasia? How do you see better

A

Yes. Stretch the skin

24
Q

Itchy baby, check the soles of the feet. Lots of burrows and mushy like. What is it?

A

Norwegian scabies. (Crusted scabies) Thousands of mites. Whereas normal scabies just has a couple of mites.

25
Q

What are we looking for to confirm scabies?

A

The burrows. Can scrape and send off

26
Q

Just hands atopic person. V itchy

A

Pomp hill is

27
Q

Norwegian scabies treatment

A

Topical insecticides and ivermectin

28
Q

Doxycycline can cause what when into the sun

A

Photosensitive rash

29
Q

Closed comadome is what open is what

A

Closed is whitehead
Open is blackhead

30
Q

Acne treatment

A

Topical retinoids
6 month course erythromycin/tetracycline

31
Q

Urticaria patterns. What do we need to check ? Treatment ? What can we do to check?

A

Itchy blotches very fluctuating. Come and go. Wheals

Potentially autoimmune

Need to check iron (may be low), thyroid (may be low), drug history

Treatment is antihistamines.

Can do dermstographia to check

32
Q

Erythema multidorme lesions look like what? Where else do we need to check and why? Treatment ? Yellow tinged lips cause . Causes for kids or adults

A

Target lesions

Need to check mucus membranes, if they are there then it is steven Johnson’s

Treatment = supportive care.

Steven Johnson’s will start developing Bullae.

Kids = infection
Adults = drugs

Yellow lips think staph aureus

33
Q

More than what size think melanoma

A

More than 6mm

34
Q

Blue white veil think what?

A

Melanoma

35
Q

New and changing pigmented lesion what are we concerned about

A

Melanoma

36
Q

Strep throat.

Couple of weeks later
Itchy lesions on legs and spreads upwards. Can get bulbous lesions, palpable purpura, non blanching

(+abdominal pain and + joint pain)

Need to check what

Treatment with what ?

Other possible cause

A

Vasculitis (small vessels in the skin)

HSP henloch sersien purpura (all 4 changes )

Need to check they don’t affect kidneys

Pred, NSAIDs

Other possible cause = drugs

37
Q

Gaiter area and ulcers

A

Gaiter area is medial malleolus

Venous ulcers

38
Q

Eczema on lower legs is often due to what. Treatment

A

Venous eczema

Compression bandaging

39
Q

Detmatomyositis appearance

Quick blood test to prove

What do we need to CHECK

A

Photo sensitive rash (heiliotrope, purple and puffy around the eye lids)
Shall distribution and holster distribution rash
Gotrons papules (purple knuckles)
Linear violations over the fingers

Muscle pain (increasing) eg unable to run anymore, proximal muscle weakness.

Creatinine kinase

Need to check for underlying occult malignancy.
Stomach and ovarian cancer

Skin muscle biopsies, ecg

40
Q

Inflamed fat (permiculitis) can be due to what infection

A

TB

41
Q

Bulla vs vesicles

A

Bulla >5mm
Vesicles <5mm

42
Q

WHat is Pemphigoid? What is the treatment?

A

Widespread itchy blisters. well patient.

Antibodies to basement membrane

Treatment: Pred+emoillient+doxycycline/azathioprine/methotrexate

43
Q

Key difference in time fames for developing lesions in BCC and SCC?

A

BCC are slow growing whereas SCC are fast growing and can appear within 4 weeks

44
Q

4th and 5th finger, metatarsal with lot of wasting of the distribution of the ulnar nerve. The fingers also look shorter compared to the rest. Loss of subcutaneous tissue. It was also present on her feet
Commonest presentation is middle aged women with a patch of skin that starts of pink and inflamed, not itchy and then a scarring process progressing.

What is it?

A

Linea Morphoea

45
Q

Painful boils underarms and around groin since 20s

A

hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)

46
Q

Widespread rash on the back + dusky areas, skin peeling off. Started on ciprofloxacin 2 days ago for a UTI

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

47
Q
A

A - Placement (16 decks)

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