Renal System Flashcards
What are the main functions of the kidneys?
Blood pH control
H2O fluid balance
Electrolyte balance
Blood pressure control
Metabolism of waste products and drugs
Stimulates RBC production
Absorption of Calcium
What is the urinary tract?
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
What is the lining of the distal urethra?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What makes up the Upper Urinary Tract?
R/L Kidneys
R/L Ureters
What makes up the Lower Urinary Tract?
Bladder
Urethra
Which parts of the urinary tract are found in the retroperitoneum?
Kidneys
Proximal parts of the ureters
Which parts of the urinary tract are found in the pelvis?
Distal parts of the ureters
Bladder
Proximal part of the urethra
Which parts of the urinary tract are found in the perineum?
Distal part of the urethra
In which area of the abdomen can the kidneys be found?
R/L lumbar region (flank)
How are the kidneys protected?
Location in retroperitoneum
Vertebral column
Ribs 11 & 12
Guarding by skeletal muscles of back/abdominal wall
Renal (deep) fascia
Paranephric and perinephric fat
Renal capsule
At what vertebral level does the right kidney lie?
L1 - L3
At which vertebral level does the right kidney lie?
T12 - L2
What are the structures of the renal hilum?
R/L renal artery
R/L renal vein
R/L ureter
What is the blood supply to the ureters?
Multiple branches from the
renal arteries
gonadal arteries
aorta
What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?
Left and right renal veins
drain into the IVC