Renal Quiz Flashcards
fibrous capsule that surrounds the kidney
true capsule
renal fascia surrounding the true capsule and perinephric fat
Gerota’s fascia
Nephron
Functional unit of the kidney
Horseshoe kidney
Dromedary hump
Fetal lobulation
Junctional parenchymal defect
Column of Bertin
Normal variants of the kidney
Prominent invaginations of the cortex at varying depths within the medullary substance of the kidneys.
Hypertrophied columns of Bertin contain renal pyramids; they may be difficult to differentiate from an avascular renal neoplasm.
Columns are more exaggerated in patients with complete or partial duplication.
Columns of Bertin
Shape of left kidney is affected by the spleen.
A bulge of cortical tissue can occur on the lateral border of the kidney; may resemble a renal neoplasm.
On sonography, the echogenicity is identical to the rest of the renal cortex, and a renal pseudotumor needs to be considered
Dromedary Hump
Triangular, echogenic area typically located anteriorly and superiorly
Result of partial fusion of two embryonic parenchymal masses called renunculi during normal development
Junctional Parenchymal Defect
Usually present in children up to 5 years of age
May persist in up to 51% of adults
Surfaces of the kidneys are generally indented in between the calyces, giving the kidneys a slightly lobulated appearance
Fetal Lobulation
Most common anomaly
Kidneys are connected, usually at the inferior pole, but could be superior
Horseshoe Kidney
Kidney
1
Capsule
Kidney
2
Pyramids
Kidney
3
Columns
Kidney
4
Ureter
Kidney
5
Sinus
Urolithiasis
Term for kidney stone
